What associations do you have when youdo you hear the name Bazhov Pavel Petrovich? Isn't it true that in the imagination there immediately appear mountains of semi-precious stones and amazing unprecedented animals, the Mistress of Copper Mountain and Danila the master ... And the most important thing is the unique style of the author. It was as if a dense epic old man appeared to us in bast shoes and a canvas shirt and in his own way tells about the wonders of small children sitting on the benches and on the floor.
Biography Bazhova originates in the Urals in the factory settlement Sysert, which later became the city. The future writer was born in January 1879. His father was a mountain master.
The boy often heard different unusualstories and legends of the Ural people from the parents and workers of the mining plant. Probably, even then extraordinary fantasies about the most bizarre inhabitants of mountains and forests were born. One way or another, the folklore that struck the imagination of the little visionary found its continuation in many of the most incredible tales.
Like all children of his time, Paul studied atthree years of school. However, the study was given to him easily, and therefore one of the best students of his stream, having graduated from high school, went to further training in a religious school, and subsequently to a theological seminary. In general, the biography of Bazhov could be successfully crowned with an academic spiritual education, and the world would never have known all the charms of real Ural folklore.
However, the future writer did not agree to acceptpriesthood And so he began to try his hand in various directions. Working days began with teaching Russian in a small rural school. But soon after this, the young talent was entrusted with teaching Russian and Church Slavonic languages, as well as Russian literature at the Yekaterinburg Theological School.
Together with the pedagogical activity a great love came to the writer's life - Valentine Ivanitskaya, one of his students. With her biography Bazhova began the countdown of family life.
In those years, the young philologist began for the first timedeliberately collect Ural folklore. This took place in mini-expeditions organized by Bazhov to villages and villages. An enthusiastic writer wrote down everything that he could find about oral folk art: songs, tales, rhymes and jokes, a wide variety of ritual shouts, proverbs and sayings. Also, the author made photos of workers and peasants in folk costumes.
Of course, villagers responded differently tothe eccentric provincial teacher, however, willingly shared stories and legends from their ancestors. And indeed, it was this odd creature that laid a solid foundation for the author’s most original fantasy creations.
And then Russia experienced difficult times, the mostterrible in all modern history, the times of world wars, revolutions and the greatest crises. It is impossible to imagine what emotions an emotional, deeply spiritual person had to go through in terrible times for Russia. But Bazhov, as an educated person, could not but understand how hard it is for ordinary workers in Russia to live, how they starve in villages and villages. Therefore, without thinking, he took the side of the Bolsheviks and became a communist.
It was not easy at that time for the Bazhov family,as, by the way, to all those who had to endure the times of great disasters. For all the time that the Civil War lasted, the writer was twice arrested. Every time he managed to escape from prison. It is a fact when a peasant saved a half-dead Bazhov who escaped from prison by hiding him in his hay cart.
After the war, the Bazhov family managed to return tohomeland. A small house, which they managed to build before the coup, now seemed to the family the most comfortable and expensive haven. In this house, the writer lived most of his adult life. It is noteworthy that it still exists, however, already as a house-museum of Bazhov.
Up to the 30th year Pavel Petrovich builds hisa career in the editorial office of the then popular “Peasant newspaper”. Such work allowed the writer not only to support his family, but also to continue his most important passion and work of life - the search for folk art and the writing of the most unusual author's folklore.
It was not easy for the writing family in those times.Peripetias of fate threw up in the life of Bazhov more and more new trials. He was repeatedly expelled from the party, dismissed from the editorial office and even tried to arrest again. However, it was in those difficult, unstable times that the first book of Pavel Bazhov, “The Urals were” (1924), was published. At the same time, the writer received the post of editor of the aforementioned newspaper.
The 30s were especially for Soviet citizens.heavy The hungry people went to any meanness for the sake of survival, and in this war, as you know, all means are good. It was enough to have a rash word, an accidentally spoken phrase, or even the usual neighborly enmity, so that one night people would come with a weapon and take the usual obscure worker into the unknown. What can we say about the editor of an entire newspaper!
В 1937 году писатель Бажов был в очередной раз arrested. But, as before, he managed to escape punishment. Obviously, some heavenly forces took care of talent for posterity. Even in this situation, when the family had to eke out a beggarly existence, the biography of Bazhov as a writer gained a new twist. For over a year Bazhov was hiding from the NKVD at home. Being imprisoned, the writer, thirsting for creativity, began to write his famous "Ural tales".
Пожалуй, нет в истории русской литературы writers like Pavel Bazhov. Generally, to say that the author's creations may be similar, somewhat blasphemous. And yet today we can easily define at least the genre features of the works of Russian writers. So, for example, no one doubts that Anton Pavlovich Chekhov wrote mostly short stories, mostly humorous. Just as no one will doubt that “Kolobok” is a Russian folk tale.
But what do you call the phenomenon that Paul createdPetrovich Bazhov, - "Ural skazy"? These books by the author are difficult to classify as standard literary genres. Perhaps someone is inclined to attribute short stories to ordinary children's fairy tales, or, at worst, to epics. However, if you look more closely, it becomes clear that far from a child’s philosophy and the wisdom of a people with a huge history, framed in strange speech turns, characteristic of far-distant ancestors.
К счастью, великий русский фольклорист Павел Bazhov achieved universal recognition in life. This applies to both the people and the highest literary minds. The fact is that, in addition to political repression, for a long time Pavel Bazhov was known in literary circles as a “collector of folklore”. Therefore, many critics believed that all the books of Bazhov were based solely on the collected material and should not be related to the author himself.
Однако долгие годы титанического труда не могли pass for free to the author. The years of creative activity brought many original works that Bazhov can be proud of. "Ural Tales" - the most famous creation of the author, which brought him the long-awaited recognition and fame.
However, the writer's work is not limited to mere tales. There are among the works of the author and publications, and memoirs.
It is also noteworthy that modern directorslove the works of Pavel Bazhov and use with pleasure in their productions. In the plots of the great writer, films such as “The Stone Flower”, “The Golden Snake”, “The Stepan's Memo” and others have been made.
Of course, the animation took not the last place: “Sinyushkin Well”, “Malachite Box” and “Silver Hoof” - only a small part of the masterpieces, shot based on the works of the author.
Not ignored the author andcontemporary composers. The most famous classical work written based on the tales of Bazhov, can rightly be considered the ballet by S. Prokofiev “The Tale of the Stone Flower”.
Bazhov’s biography could have been different, if not for time, if it were not for the place, and many more “ifs” can be recalled ... But nothing in the world happens without meaning.
Удивительно другое, а именно то, что в перипетиях the most terrible and severe trials that fell to the writer, Bazhov Pavel Petrovich managed to keep in himself all the brightest and most direct that only small children can experience. Probably, it was this quality that protected and saved the great man from despondency. Therefore, each of us has something to learn from one of the most wise and original writers.
