In life it is very important to motivate yourself and others.people. From this generally depends on the effectiveness of educational or professional activities. In order to properly induce, you need to know what is external, internal motivation, especially their formation.
External motivation is the motivation for action.by forces from the outside. That is, a person perceives the reasons for his behavior as imposed, and considers himself just a pawn. Such motivation is governed by external material and psychological conditions: money, reward, and even punishment. The motivation for action is based on the incentives that flow from the current situation.
Intrinsic motivation is driven by the need forcompetence and personal choice, which are leading to the human "I". With this kind of impulse, people understand that they are the true cause of the exercise, and perceive themselves to interact with the environment as an effective agent. That is, in the case of intrinsic motivation, needs, interests, intentions, goals, desires, self-confidence, the possibility of self-realization, a sense of satisfaction from work are used.
Consider separately each type of motivation.
Employees promised a prize, they began to workfaster. Established penalties and rules, people began to be guided by them, whether they like it or not. The sudden thundercloud makes the home run faster. The offender sent a pistol at you and demanded money - you will immediately give up your wallet.
All these are examples of external motivation.As already mentioned, it encourages action through existing circumstances or incentives. In another way, we can say that these are achievements in the surrounding society. Of course, internal motivation is much more effective. However, this kind of impact on individuals affects better.
So, what are the ways to approach as external motivation? Career growth, big salary, prestigious things (flat, house, car), status, opportunity to travel, recognition.
Extrinsic motivation may be constantly changing.Yesterday it was necessary to earn money in order to feed the family, and tomorrow the money will be needed for a new apartment, car or children's education. The most obvious and classic example of such a motivation is the tale of a goldfish and a fisherman.
A small child is constantly trying something orexplores. He is really important and interesting. A person works not for salary, but because of his beloved work. These are examples of intrinsic motivation. As already mentioned, it does not depend on external factors and environment. The very content of the activity encourages the person to do this.
What can be used as intrinsic motivation? The possibility of personal growth, a sense of need, self-assertion, the realization of ideas, creativity, the need for communication, the fulfillment of a dream.
The internal motivation of an employee is when he views his work as a paid hobby. Perhaps, if not all, then many people would like to strive for this.
It is much more efficient to use both types of motivation. The main thing is to maintain balance and balance between them.
In fact, all motivational factors can be reduced to two ideas:
All of them can be both external andinternal. The simultaneous presence of positive and negative factors favorably affects the action. It turns out a very powerful push, a kind of push-pull. On the one hand, a person wants to receive a reward, but on the other hand - he avoids punishment.
Внешняя и внутренняя мотивация, положительные и negative factors act in different ways, in different directions and always lead to different results. Of course, people are affected by all types of exposure to a certain extent. However, it can be traced that each person still prefers any one direction. One needs to be constantly customized, intimidated, and the other is enough to promise a reward.
For clarity, below is a table that can be used to motivate employees.
External motivation factors | Internal motivation factors | |
Negative motivation | Salary reduction; rebuke; demotion; non-recognition; disease; threat to health or life. | Misunderstanding; lack of communication; feeling of humiliation; feeling of insecurity; lack of health. |
Positive motivation | Money; prestigious things; status; career; the ability to travel; decent aesthetics of life; confession. | Self-realization, a dream; creativity, ideas; personal growth; feeling of being needed; need for communication; self-assertion; conviction in action; curiosity; health. |
The story will tell and clearly show how the external and internal motivation.
Under the windows of one old woman every eveninga company of children was gathered, who were very noisy playing and talking. Naturally, the old woman did not like it, but her requests and persuasion to spend leisure time in another place did not help. Then she decided to change the situation in another way.
Every day a woman gave children fiftyrubles for the fact that they play very well near her house. Of course, the guys liked this situation! The old woman began to gradually reduce this amount. And at one fine moment, when it seemed to the children that they were getting cheaper, they simply refused to play under her windows and did not appear there anymore.
In such a cunning way, the woman decided the situation. The internal motivation of the children (their own desire to play under the windows) was transferred to the external (to do it for money), but then she also disappeared.
People who are motivated by striving up are notPay attention to comfort. They are driven by the realization of personal interests and goals of the organization. Employees who are driven by punishment will not do what deprives them of comfort zones.
It is very important to consider externalpositive factors. It is money, reliability, conditions and safety. An equally important role is played by internal positive factors. These are achievements, growth, authority, recognition and responsibility. Only the right combination of these factors will give satisfaction to work. In their absence, the work becomes hated and unbearable. In this regard, the motivation of students or schoolchildren is no different. It is important that internal learning motivation prevails.
When organizing any activity, it is important to consider several requirements. They are simply necessary to meet the needs and form the right motivation:
If all these signs (or at least most) are present in the organization of activities, then we can assume that the formation of intrinsic motivation will be successful.
For meaningful movement, it is important to know where and where to go, as well as have a great desire. That is necessary self-motivation. How to achieve it? Follow the tricks and rules listed below:
Try to bring to life, if not everything, thena few points, and you will definitely have a desire to get down to business! Remember that it is important to use positive and negative factors, internal and external motivation in the balance in order to achieve a good result.
