There are many more places on earth about whichwe know less than about the vast expanses of space. This is primarily about the irreconcilable water depths. According to scientists, science has not actually begun to study the mysterious life at the bottom of the oceans, all research is at the beginning of the path.
From year to year there are all new daredevils,who are ready to perform a new record deep-water dive. In the presented material I would like to talk about swimmings without equipment, with scuba gear and with the help of bathyscaphes, which went down in history.
For a long time the record holder in the field of freedivingacted French athlete Loic Leferm. In 2002, he managed to carry out a deep-sea dive at 162 meters. Many divers tried to improve this figure, but perished in the sea depths. In 2004, Leferm himself became the victim of his own vanity. During the training swim in the oceanic basin of Villefranche-sur-Mer, he sank 171 meters. However, the athlete did not manage to climb to the surface.
The last record deep-sea divewas made by the Austrian freediver Herbert Nietzsch. He managed to descend to 214 meters without an oxygen cylinder. Thus, the achievement of Loïc Leferm remained in the past.
Several records among women foundFrench athlete Audrey Mestre. On May 29, 1997, she dived as much as 80 meters with one breathing delay, without a balloon with air. A year later, Audrey broke her own record, descending into the sea abyss at 115 meters. In 2001, the athlete plunged as much as 130 meters. This record, which has the status of the world among women, is assigned to Audrey to this day.
On 12 October 2002, Mestre completed herthe last attempt in life, plunging without equipment 171 meters off the coast of the Dominican Republic. The athlete used only a special cargo, not carrying oxygen bottles. The ascent was to be carried out using an air dome. However, the latter was not filled. 8 minutes after the deep-water dive started, the body of Audrey was brought to the surface by scuba divers. As the official reason for the death of the sportswoman, problems with equipment for lifting to the surface were noted.
Now let's talk about deep-sea diving withscuba diving. The most significant of them was carried out by the French diver Pascal Bernabe. In the summer of 2005 he managed to descend into the sea abyss at 330 meters. Although it was originally planned to conquer the depth of 320 meters. Such a significant record took place as a result of a small incident. During the descent Pascal stretched rope, which allowed to swim for 10 extra meters in depth.
The diver managed to successfully climb to the surface.Surfacing lasted a long 9 hours. The reason for such a slow rise was a high risk of developing a caisson disease, which could lead to a halt in breathing and damage to the blood vessels. It is worth noting that to establish the record Pascal Bernabe had to spend as much as 3 years in constant training.
On January 23, 1960, scientists Donald Walsh and JacquesPikkard set a record for diving to the ocean floor in a manned vehicle. Being on board the small submarine Trieste, the researchers reached the bottom of the Mariinsky basin, at a depth of 10,898 meters.
The deepest dive in a mannedman bathyscaphe was implemented thanks to the construction of the Deepsea Challenger, on which the designers took a long 8 years. This mini submarine represents a streamlined capsule weighing more than 10 tons and with a wall thickness of 6.4 cm. It is noteworthy that, before commissioning, the bathyscaphe was tested several times by a pressure of 1160 atmospheres, which is higher than the index that was to affect the walls of the apparatus at the ocean floor .
In 2012, the famous American film directorJames Cameron, piloting the mini-submarine Deepsea Challenger, conquered the previous record, installed on the device Trieste, and even improved it, plunging into the Mariinsky hollow for 11 km.
