State (national state)the device legally represents the internal structure of the country, the legal position of its constituent parts. This concept reflects the peculiarities of their relations with the central government and with each other.
There are three main types of internal structure: the unitary, confederal and federal structure of the state.
The latter species is characterized as voluntaryunification of countries that have a certain independence. The federal system in the union state is carried out at the same time on the basis of a federal treaty. The subjects within the structure can be both state entities and sovereign countries. The federal system presupposes, as a rule, equal relations between the subjects and the federation. For this structure, the presence of subject and common territories, state bodies, citizenship, budget, constitutions and other is characteristic. Interests of subjects are represented by the parliamentary chamber.
Federal structure of the Russian Federationis fixed by the norms of the Constitution of the country and other legislative acts and includes the political organization of nationalities and nations on the basis of their self-determination in one form or another of statehood. The structure of the country has a fairly complex system. It includes not only a federal arrangement, but also a unitary and an autonomous one. As part of the Russian state there are autonomous regions, regions, regions (including autonomous), cities of federal significance, republics.
Among the constitutional foundations of the federal structure of Russia are:
- consolidating and spreading sovereignty throughout the country;
- the supremacy of federal laws and the Constitution throughout the territory;
- territorial inviolability and integrity of the country;
- differentiation in powers and subjects of conducting subjects and bodies of state power;
- self-determination and equality of peoples;
- equality and unity of citizenship.
These and other provisions of the first chapter of the ConstitutionThe Russian state, ensuring the regulation of issues on the state structure, are integral elements of the foundations of the Russian Federation. Change of these provisions can be carried out only in the constitutional order.
The federal system has a number of principles: