Investigation of murders for the investigator is notpresents difficulties if there are no special circumstances in the case. Nevertheless, the investigation of the scene of the crime, as well as the examination and exhumation of the corpse should be carried out according to the procedure established by law. In particular, it is necessary to issue a protocol for the examination of the corpse.
Article 178 of the CCP RF specifies the main points of examination of the body, and Article 176 of the same Code contains such grounds that allow us to examine the scene of the incident, as will be discussed later.
For any investigative action, adocument: the protocol of inspection of the corpse and the scene of the accident. This is a procedural document that is legally valid only if compiled according to certain rules.
In order not to violate the procedural order that takes place when a crime report is received, the investigator must perform the following actions:
First and foremost investigator of the report of survey of a corpse place, ie the place where the right is dead, and also clarifies the situation and location of objects around.
The main points of the inspection of the sceneare the circumstances that took place during the murder. The crime envisaged by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation can be of various types. You can identify the main:
It should be noted that in allThe investigator must draw up a protocol for the inspection of the place where the corpse was found. With a single murder or, more simply, with murder, when the corpse is in its entirety directly in any one place, the investigator is more convenient to inspect the victim. In the event that a dismemberment of the corpse occurred, it is necessary to find all its parts. In this case, the crime scene will be the one in which the last part of the body was found.
After the investigator has inspected the scene of the incident, revealing all the relevant circumstances, he begins to examine the body and compiles a report of the examination of the corpse.
The sample of filling is presented further.
The sequence of actions can be violated only if detaining a corpse at the crime scene or at the place of detection is not possible.
When examining a murdered person, the investigator is guided byArticle 178 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, as it was mentioned earlier. In this case, not only the injuries on the body of the murdered person, but also his clothes, as well as the amount of blood around the corpse should be inspected.
Items that could bethe weapon of murder - saws, knives, razors, scissors, firearms and others. The nature of the damage corresponds to the type of instrument of the crime, which should be noted when a protocol for the examination of the corpse is drawn up.
The description might look like this(cut-punctured or combined wound): "In front, on the left half of the body, in the third intercostal space, 5 cm from the median line and 141 cm above the level of the sole, there is a wound of an elongated shape measuring 2.5 x 2.1 cm. the wound line becomes 2.8 cm long. The lower end of the wound is acute-angled, the upper end is U-shaped, the marginal parts of the wound are even. The wound is hypodermis. The skin around is in an inflamed condition. From the upper end of the wound, upward and to the right, there is a flow of dried blood 9 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. " Conclusions on the description are contained in the same document. From the example it can be seen that the wound was inflicted at the moment when the victim was in an inverted state, the same is indicated by the nature of the leakage of blood.
At the dismemberment it is necessary to find out whether this was the cause of death or whether the offender did it after killing the victim in another way.
At this stage,forensic expert or doctor. Together with the investigator the specialist should give answers to the following questions (and also to enter the answers in the report of the examination of the corpse):
In the event that the body is already buried, the body is exhumed, having notified the relatives of the deceased about it. If they do not agree, the removal of the body takes place by a court decision.
The inspection report of the scene of the accident and the corpseincludes also a description of the clothing of the victim. This process has the same meaning as the examination of the body itself. By the nature of damage to clothing and shoes, the expert not only determines the way of injury, but also uses them as an additional way to determine the circumstances of the incident.
For example, the presence on the corpse of wounds in the areabreast in front caused by a sharp piercing object, and the absence of tissue in the wound, as well as the absence of a characteristic opening on the clothing indicates that the corpse was undressed at least in the waistband during life. In addition, the victim was dressed after death. All these data must be indicated when a corpse inspection protocol is being compiled.
If there is a fact of dismemberment, when there is no bodyvisible wounds that would serve as the cause of death, forensic medical examination should be revealed at the autopsy and examination of the corpse presence in the body of poisonous substances, as well as internal bleeding, which could lead to death.
