For the first time about the kerosene lamp, Ar-Razi wrote in the IX century in Baghdad. The modern lamp on kerosene was invented by the pharmacists Jan Zehom and Ignaty Lukasevich in the city of Lviv in 1853.
Lantern "bat" is also kerosenelamp. But this lamp can be carried, without fear that the wick will go out from the wind. If the kerosene lamp is mainly used indoors, then the "bat" is a lantern that can be worn on the street.
Combustion-Based Lampkerosene, is called a kerosene lamp. Kerosene is a product of distillation of oil. Such a lamp has almost the same principle of operation as an oil lamp. In a special container, kerosene is poured and the wick is lowered into it. The second end of the wick is at the top and fixed with a special mechanism, with which it can be lowered and lifted. At the same time, air flows to the wick from below. The kerosene burner uses a wicker wick, unlike an oil lamp. To provide air traction, a special lamp glass is installed on the kerosene lamp from above. In addition to traction, it also protects the burning wick from the wind.
As a result of the GOELRO implementation planelectric lighting throughout the country, kerosene lamps are mainly used in the most remote corners of Russia. Where electricity is often cut off. In addition, they are used by skiers and tourists. For hiking even a special lamp is produced, the so-called "kerosene stove".
Windproof lanterns, also called the "bat lamp", are available in two versions:
Another type of heating appliances based on the combustion of kerosene is kerosene. In fact, it's the same kerosene burner. In it, too, there is a wick immersed inA container with kerosene, which is ignited from above. Naturally, liquid kerosene will not burn, but kerosene impregnates the wick and the flame appears at the end of the wick, where the kerosene vapors that rise on it evaporate.
The kerosene is considered the least dangerous, you can extinguish it by simply blowing out the fire, and when igniting you do not need to warm up anything.
But there are also disadvantages.The wick is consumed very quickly and needs to be changed frequently. In order for the kerosene to produce enough heat, you need not one, but a pair or even three wicks, and wider ones. And for all of them you need to constantly monitor to avoid the extinction of flame and soot.
But the kerosene burns much slower thanprimus or kerosene lamp. The truth and this does not give the expected result, since much heat goes into the air and its efficiency is extremely low.
Another device that works onlighting kerosene - primus. Primus "Record-1" is widely distributed. It is the most efficient and economical among the kerosene-powered heaters. Primus is also convenient for fishing, hunting, dacha and expeditions, hiking, etc., due to its small size and weight.
Primus differs from all other similardevices in that it operates at an overpressure that is created in the tank. On thin pipes, kerosene under pressure is run alongside the burner, which at this time is burning. Being in close proximity to an open fire, kerosene turns into vapors that burn at the outlet of the same burner. Therefore, it is a mistake to consider that kerosene burns in the Primus stove. His couples are burning. Primus is also in some way burner kerosene, but the principle of combustion is different.
The vapors of kerosene come under considerable pressure,about one and a half to two atmospheres. Therefore, the primus works quite noisy. Of course, he does not make noise like a vacuum cleaner, but he will wake up a person sleeping nearby, for sure, if someone comes up with the idea to ignite him at night.
Small sizes of the primus are perfectly combined withimpressive thermal power. However, in the process of working a small jet in the burner is constantly clogged and it must be periodically cleaned with a special needle.
When using a primus stove, there is a big dangerspontaneous combustion of the device. And since the pressure inside it is large, in case of depressurization kerosene pours outward with a thin strong jet, which most often immediately ignites. And which can not be extinguished by simply trying to blow out the fire. It is necessary to release the pressure and wait until the kerosene primus stove extinguishes itself.
In addition, it is difficult to properly start the primus stove. It is necessary to warm up the alcohol in the beginning with a system of tubes, and only then you can kindle the primus itself.
Primus are known since 1892 and have proved themselves during this time only on the good side, helping tourists and travelers, and simply people who have fallen into uneasy living conditions.
The advantages of the primus and kerosene absorbed a kerosene or kerosene burner is a hybrid of Primus and kerosene. But he also absorbed their shortcomings.
The kerosene burner (kerosene), like the primus, takeskerosene through the wick, which unlike the Primus stove does not burn. Rather, it burns, but only during ignition, but the vapors of kerosene that arise in a special compartment equipped with double walls, burn.
Modern kerosene is much simpler and more convenient thanold, which must be disassembled before use so that after opening the fuel supply cock, kerosene soaked the entire wick. Then the wick was ignited in several places, and only after that it was possible to insert the inner compartment into the housing of the kerosene burner and use it.
