An investigative experiment is sometimes necessaryoften enough. In most cases, it is used when it becomes necessary to verify by experience the data obtained during the investigation of a criminal case.
Investigative experiment
Forensic science has been using it for a long time.Over the years, he cultivated and changed. The investigative experiment itself is nothing more than a procedural act conducted in order to verify the collected information and data that are important for the investigation of a criminal case. This experiment is conducted by reconstructing the circumstances and situation of the incident. The investigative experiment provides for the 181st article of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. Note that in some cases, such a verification of the collected materials is simply necessary.
Types of investigative experiment. The main goals in most cases echo:
- setting the sequence of actions committed by the criminal;
- identify the mechanisms that led to the appearance of traces of the crime;
- determination of whether it was realistic to commit the crime under the specified circumstances;
- confirmation of the fact that it was the accused who committed the crime.
In fact, investigative experiments are not carried out so often.
An investigative experiment can be scheduled byinitiative of the investigator, the victim or some other participant in the criminal process. In some cases, the results of the experiment help not only confirm, but also to obtain certain new data. Often it turns out that the suspect did not act alone, but in collusion with someone. It can be given by the absence of any specific skills, the impossibility of performing any actions alone and so on.
An investigative experiment can be conducted under the following conditions:
- should not be disturbed by public order;
- The recreated situation should correspond to the one that was at the time of the crime;
- participants in the experiment should not be subjected to humiliation, and their lives should not be threatened;
- The suspect must give written consent to participate.
В некоторых случаях обстановка меняется specifically - it helps to establish whether the suspect actually committed the crime (it happens that people, for one reason or another, slander themselves).
Timeliness of the investigativeExperiment is one of the factors for its success. If there is a delay, it is likely that there will be any changes at the crime scene, the suspect will forget any important details, or refuse to cooperate with the investigation at all.
The investigative experiment itself iscomplex and time consuming. That is why it is resorted to only in cases where it is not possible to verify all the data through interrogation, search and so on.
As a rule, in investigative experimentsspecial witnesses are involved. Best of all, if they have any psychophysical and professional knowledge - this will help them understand the meaning of what is happening. In most cases, more than two witnesses are involved in this kind of experiments. Sometimes they are used by officers of inquiry bodies. If necessary, special psychologists or other specialists may be invited.
An attorney must also take part in the investigative experiment. They may be a victim, a witness.
The accused himself shows the actions taken at the time the crime was committed, or the doubler reproduces them. The victim in the immediate reconstruction of events is rarely involved.
