Many people have pancreas workit begins to fail, its inflammation occurs, arising from a violation of the output of bile. Biliary pancreatitis develops, which most often affects adults. This disease is treatable, but subject to timely medical attention and compliance with all necessary prescriptions. Due to the effective treatment of the pancreas, the patient quickly returns to the usual way of life.
Biliary pancreatitis occurs with cholelithiasisdiseases. It develops as a result of the injection of fluid into the ducts of the pancreas, causing its inflammation. This process indicates a failure of the gallbladder.
In a healthy person, the pressure in the ducts of thisorgan is much lower than the level of pressure in the ducts of the pancreas. Its increase indicates the occurrence of an obstacle that prevents bile from carrying out its current normally. This may be due to blockage of the ducts, most often with stones. All this leads to the reflux of fluid in the pancreas.
This pathology can occur for various reasons. Consider the most basic.
If a person suffers from gallstone disease, thenoften with this disease, digestive juice begins to stagnate due to blockage of the ducts with stones. All this leads to an increase in pressure in these paths, contributing to the reflux of fluid into the pancreas.
With cholecystitis, an inflammatory process occurs on the surface of the gallbladder, which prevents the juice from flowing normally.
It promotes the development of biliary pancreatitis and cholangitis, which is an uncharacteristic inflammation of the ducts, which has arisen due to a violation of the patency of the biliary tract and infection of the secret.
The above diseases in combination with biliary pancreatitis cause the following changes in the pancreas:
Но не только эти причины способствуют the occurrence of the disease. Attacks most often occur among lovers of tasty food. Such food can serve as a kind of provocateur of gallbladder spasms and contributes to pancreatic edema. In addition, pancreatitis develops due to overeating, eating stale or spoiled food.
Biliary pancreatitis may have chronic andacute form. The latter is due to the use of such food, which stimulates all the processes of digestion. It can be fried meat pies, soda, appetizing snacks, fried meat.
Such food has never been considered healthy, sincecontributes to the movement of stones that can close the ducts in the gallbladder. Patients with a chronic course of the disease, observing moderation in their diets, can prevent the occurrence of biliary pancreatitis.
The course of biliary pathology depends onactions of stones in the bile duct. If they are small and go well into the duodenum, the patient's condition improves quickly. If the movement of stones along the duct is difficult, then in this case it is possible to fear for the life of the patient.
The symptoms of this disease, especially against the background of stagnation of bile, are quite diverse, therefore, this pathology is quite difficult to diagnose.
Thus, if a patient has biliary pancreatitis, the symptoms may be as follows:
Acute biliary pancreatitis is characterized bysharp pains in the region of hypochondria, arising from spasms of smooth muscles, which are provoked by the stone, and chronic - by the aching pain syndrome lasting for quite a long time.
Кроме того, при хронической форме заболевания jaundice symptoms may occur as the bile ducts are impassable and the digestive juice enters the circulatory system. At the same time, the whites of the eyes and skin are turning yellow. In this case, treatment should begin immediately, because everything can end very sad.
The patient must pass clinical andblood chemistry. In chronic biliary pancreatitis, there is an increase in the level of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol, while the ratio of basic proteins, on the contrary, decreases. In the urine and blood, the level of amylase increases 3-6 times.
Be sure to carry out ultrasound of the pancreas and ultrasound of the hepatobiliary system, allowing to determine the presence of stones in the ducts, as well as assess the overall condition of the pancreas.
To identify the stones prescribe such effective methods as intraductal or endoscopic ultrasound.
CT is considered the most informative method.biliary tract, especially if it is administered a contrast agent. MRPHG and ERCP are also used to diagnose diseases of the pancreatic and biliary ducts.
Treatment of biliary pancreatitis is performed undercontrol by a gastroenterologist, endoscopist and surgeon. To prevent the disease from progressing further, as well as to prevent exacerbations, the main disease is treated.
If chronic pathology has passed into acutebiliary pancreatitis, treatment should be carried out only in a hospital. The acute form is treated in a complex, with the use of drug therapy and diet.
Biliary pancreatitis in the acute stageproceeds with a strong pain syndrome, which is removed with the help of analgesics and antispasmodics. Also, correction of the internal and external secretory function of the pancreas, detoxification, with the help of antibiotics, the prevention of infectious complications is carried out.
During exacerbation in the first three days it is necessarytherapeutic fasting and use of non-carbonated alkaline mineral water. After the diet is resumed, the fats in the diet must be limited, carbohydrates should also be controlled.
Чтобы уменьшить разрушительное действие activated pancreatic enzymes, prescribe somatostatin, protease inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors. The physician may also prescribe microspherical enzymes that help restore enzymatic pancreatic dysfunction. To blood sugar returned to normal, prescribed hypoglycemic drugs.
As soon as the acute attack is cleared, the cureThe doctor may suggest surgery to remove the stones. It is carried out in two ways: cutting the upper abdominal wall (laparotomy) or making two small punctures in the abdominal wall (laparoscopy).
Если билиарный панкреатит лечить правильно, то the patient will quickly return to the usual way of life. When the disease is neglected, the stones can move to the bile ducts. If the disease is allowed to take its course and do nothing, it will lead to a deterioration of the gastrointestinal tract. Each time the pain will only increase, especially after taking junk food.
In addition, the advanced disease can turn into parenchymal pancreatitis. This may threaten the patient as follows:
To prevent the occurrence of biliary pancreatitis, it is necessary to maintain a healthy lifestyle, eat right and completely give up alcohol.
If biliary pancreatitis occurs, dietmust be rational. During the day, the patient should eat 4-5 times, while the volume of one serving should be no more than 250 ml. Smoked, fried and fatty foods are strictly prohibited.
During the diet, the amount of protein should beincreased by 25%. Thus, the patient must eat 120 g of protein products per day. But the amount of fat, on the contrary, must be reduced by 20%, and during the day their consumption should not exceed 80 g. Carbohydrate intake should also be reduced, and it should be 350 g per day. The amount of sugar is recommended to be reduced by 2 times the required rate.
Chronic biliary pancreatitis (especially acuteform) is a very serious disease. It is important to correctly diagnose this pathology and start treatment in a timely manner, as the attacks will continue to increase in frequency, causing a lot of suffering. Only surgical operation helps to get rid of biliary pancreatitis forever.
