Putting decorative plasters. Ways of applying decorative plaster: master class

Building materials for interior decoration and inparticular walls there are a great many. A special niche among them is decorative plaster. It is considered the best material for wall decoration, as it is easy to use and gives an effective result.

What is a decorative plaster?

Штукатурка, простая или декоративная, representing a sand-cement mortar, has the form of a paste that is applied to the walls. Its composition may be different. The appearance of fungus and mold on the walls is excluded, since bactericidal preparations are part of this building material. In addition, decorative plaster, the price of which is very reasonable, has a high resistance to fire and high humidity.

Plastering warms the walls in the room, andmost importantly - it aligns and decorates them, because with its help you can create intricate patterns and give the surface a different shape. The walls after such a finish look unusual, beautiful and solid, and supporting them in a well-groomed form does not require much effort. It is enough to wash them with detergent. Due to the elasticity of the material on the surface of the walls will not form cracks.

The composition of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster is also called artistic or structural, it gives the walls a beautiful finished look. All types of finishing materials are divided according to the type of binder, that is:

1. Mineral. The basis of the mixture is lime, to which is added stone powder, marble flour, colored clay.
2. Plaster. It is used quite rarely, as it quickly freezes and this creates some problems in the work.
3. Acrylic or polymeric. The basis of these mixtures are acrylic resins.
4. Silicone. This coating is made with the addition of appropriate resins.
5. Silicate. The mixture is based on organics from silicon.

The place where there is decorative plaster - bathroom, living room, bedroom, hallway. It is used almost everywhere. The components in its composition determine the structure of the finish, it is:

1. Crumb from marble, quartz, granite fraction from 0.5 to 5 mm.
2. Cellulose fiber.
3. Plasticizers.
4. Pigments.
5. Flocks.

Before making decorative plaster, an antifoam, a thickener, an antiseptic and various preservatives are added to the finishing mixture to give the material better characteristics.

The results of the finish decorative plaster

With the help of artistic processing of walls, you can achieve changes in the interior of the room, as well as create a panel or picture. Before the application of decorative plasters, необходимо иметь четкое представление о будущем interior, examine the entire range of decorative mixtures and get acquainted with the presented samples of materials. Art materials, besides creating various patterns on the walls, make it possible to imitate the effect of finishing with natural stone, marble, granite or wood. Decorative plaster is classified into several types:

1. Structural mixture. It is a granular base with a mineral or silicate binder. Also included in this composition are pebbles, granules, wood fiber.
2. Venetian. This plaster imitates marble. It consists of marble flour and binder - lime.
3. Liquid wallpaper. This type of coating is considered a new-fashioned type of artistic wall decoration. Paint with latex mimics various wallpapers and creates an effect under the “old days”.
4. Flock is a finish of colored chips, applied to the glue.
   

Based on this classification, you must selectfor yourself the most suitable way to finish the walls. We should not forget that decorative plaster is represented on the construction market by a whole range of shades and colors.

The choice of finishing material

Choosing one or another type of plaster, you need to pay attention to the following details:

1. It is inconvenient to work with the liquid mixture composition, since it is impossible to dilute them with water anymore.
2. The coarse filler solution is applied only by hand.
3. Any decoration with decorative plaster containing various crumbs is much more difficult.
4. Water based plaster mixes are the safest.

Tools required for finishing work

Decorative plaster can be preparedby diluting the dry mixture in water or in a special solvent. Decorative plaster interior is used for finishing only the interior, another type of material is used for exterior work. The following materials are required to complete the finish:

1. Rollers and brushes for decorative plaster.
2. Stainless and plastic trowels (special paddles for leveling mortar).
3. Spatulas, trowels.
4. Capacity for the preparation of the mixture.
5. Textured stamps.
6. Applicators, brushes, sponges.
7. Sandpaper.
8. Sprayer for flock.

Surface preparation

It is necessary to prepare the surface of the walls on which it is planned to apply decorative plasters as well as before finishing with ordinary plaster, that is:

1. The surface must be clean and dry. It is necessary to remove old wallpaper, peeling paint and more. The wall is cleaned with sandpaper.
2. If there are rust, silicone, or grease stains on the wall, they should be removed. If the metal from the wall can not be removed, then such a surface must be insulated.
3. If there are cracks in the wall, they are recommended to be sealed, for example, with a mixture of gypsum.
4. Подготовленную таким образом поверхность must be treated with a primer. This one in the future will allow to strengthen the base layer of the plaster layer and increase the service life of the wall covering. It is advisable to prime the surface several times and to use acrylic compositions. Before the application of decorative plasters will be performed, the wall surface must be dry.

Decorative putty

Today is very common finishwalls decorated with putty. Smooth putty mixtures are applied with a spatula in the style of Venetian plaster or imitating stone or marble. There is also decorative plaster from the usual putty. To create a relief pattern, you need to use notched spatulas, structural rollers, brushes and other tools that create volume.

Ways to decorate walls with putty

There are many ways to form an artistic wall covering, some of them are presented below:

1. The plaster is applied to the wall evenly in a couple of millimeters. The relief is smoothed by circular movements.
2. Decorative plaster from the usual puttyused in work on this principle: with a small spatula, the mixture is applied to the walls in different directions, as if painting with a brush. You can move chaotically or in a certain direction.
3. One of the simple ways: applying a plaster layer using a special trowel with cloves. Smoothing a wet mixture, they draw a simple pattern.
4. Passing on the plaster with a roller or sponge, you can also get a unique pattern and texture.
5. To create a specific pattern, you can use special stamps.

It takes 20-30 minutes to complete, becausethe plaster starts to dry out. The outer coating of putty will resemble the application of decorative plasters on the wall. In the end, only the final finish will remain.

The final stage

After the plaster is applied and drawingit is created, it is necessary to prime the wall with a white primer and let it dry for about 2 hours. After that, you can start painting. In order to emphasize the volume of the created relief, two combined colors and the following tool are used: a long-nap roller, which will paint all the irregularities in a monochromatic shade, a short-nap roller for protruding parts of the wall relief. After the paint has dried, a glaze is applied with a sponge. Next, the entire surface is covered with acrylic varnish.

If a little practice, then distinguishthe coating on the wall, made of scrap materials, from expensive and elegant finishes will be difficult. Decorative plaster, the price of which depends on its composition, and therefore it is common. Plus, there are many options for wall decoration, in each room, you can create your own special relief.

Any plastering work requirescertain skills and the correct sequence of activities. As for the quality of the obtained decorative coatings, it directly depends on the qualified selection of materials and mixtures. This article will help you answer questions about decorating walls, you will also learn how to make decorative plaster, what to look for when buying. But in any case, the consultation of specialists in this field of activity is necessary.