Signs of asthma in adults. Symptoms of bronchial asthma (cough form)

Recently, the diagnosis of asthma is no longer the case.very scary people. The fact is that new programs in the field of health care use significantly improved strategies not only for diagnosing and preventing, but also for treating a disease.

What it is?

Before considering the signs of asthma inadults, you need to understand the concepts. So what is asthma? First of all, it should be said that in Greek this word means “heavy breathing”, or “shortness of breath”. In medical practice, this disease implies a chronic disease of the human respiratory tract.

Originally from childhood

Very often, asthma occurs in humans even inearly childhood. The reasons for this can be very diverse: allergic reactions, tobacco smoke, lack of weight, etc. The following information will also be very interesting: the disease most often affects boys, children from underprivileged families and dark-skinned babies. What are the signs of asthma in a child?

1. Bouts of coughing. Can be quite frequent. Appear regardless of the situation - during the game, sleep, food, etc.
2. Rapid fatigue of the child, decreased activity, lethargy.
3. Toddlers may complain of chest pain, shortness of breath.
4. When you inhale and exhale, a child can hear a characteristic whistle.
5. The baby may experience interruptions in breathing.
6. During difficult breathing, the chest of the child may reciprocate.

If there are at least someThe above signs of bronchial asthma in a child, the baby must be shown to the doctor. After all, if this disease is not cured immediately, it can turn into a chronic form and stay with the child for life.

Types and forms

Considering the signs of asthma in adults, I also want to say that the disease itself has several forms.

1. Atopic asthma. In this case, the leading role is played by the genetic predisposition of the person to this disease.
2. Infectious and allergic asthma. In this case, the leading role is played by an allergen of an infectious or non-infectious nature.

Some specialists, along with these forms, distinguish two more:

1. Hormone-dependent form of asthma.
2. Aspirin bronchial asthma.

Stages and course of the disease

In the development of asthma, physicians distinguish two main stages:

1. Predasthenic stage. In this case, the patient has a certain bronchopulmonary disease (for example, acute bronchitis or pneumonia) with an asthmatic component or bronchial spasm.
2. Clinical manifestation. This stage begins immediately after the patient has the first attack of suffocation or after the onset of asthmatic status.

Well, I want to say a few words about the fact that doctors distinguish three degrees of severity of this disease:

1. Easy flow. Attacks of the disease occur several times a year (2-3 times). The disease is easily stopped by tablet forms of bronchodilators.
2. The average flow. The disease occurs more often, about 3-4 times a year. You can get rid of the symptoms with the help of injectables. Choking attacks are longer.
3. Heavy current. Exacerbations are quite frequent, stopped by injecting drugs only.

About adults

If earlier this disease was considered morechildish, then today the situation has changed somewhat. Signs of asthma in adults can appear at any age, from 20 to 50 years. In this case, the disease most often affects women and those people who are more prone to various kinds of allergic reactions. Also, doctors emit this type of asthma, as professional and household. The first occurs due to certain working conditions (for example, dust), the second - as a reaction to smokers or animal dander. Since asthma is a disease of the pulmonary system, the disease can occur in the following cases:

1. If the airways are swollen or inflamed.
2. If there is too much mucus in them.
3. If the airway narrowed due to contraction or contraction of the tissues that surround them.

Main symptoms in adults

What are the signs of asthma in adults?

1. Difficult breathing.
2. Sharp feeling of lack of air.
3. Frequent cough, which is activated during the night's sleep.
4. A whistle that can be heard while a person is breathing.
5. A very unpleasant feeling in the chest that looks like squeezing.

Labored breathing

The first signs of asthma in adults andchildren - this is precisely shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. The patient's respiratory rate, rhythm and depth are disturbed. Also characteristic feature is the extension of the exhalation. This is due to the fact that the airway passages are narrowed and a person needs more strength to push the air out. All groups of the shoulder girdle and respiratory muscles are involved. That is why it is often possible for an asthmatic patient to observe reciprocating movements of the chest.

Cough

Considering the first signs of asthma in adults,It is also worth paying particular attention to coughing. So, with this disease, this symptom occurs regardless of whether a person has a cold or not. The very same cough occurs as a reaction to irritation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi by various substances. Coughing attacks are aimed at removing various bacteria and other foreign substances from the bronchi. Character of cough in bronchial asthma:

1. Dry.
2. Heavy.
3. Pristupoobrazny.

Often the patient can not cope with the flow of air. This is similar to the fact that a person begins to choke.

What else are the important signs of asthma in adults?So, while coughing, the patient should have phlegm. However, this may not happen (most often this is how events develop if a person suffocates from coughing), in which case a small amount of clear liquid is released. It is also necessary to say that coughing can be provoked by physical exertion, laughter, arousal and even too active speech. Important information: for convenience, during a coughing fit, it is best for the patient to sit in a sitting position.

Whistling and wheezing

We consider further the first signs of asthma inadults. So, the patient may also have wheezing and whistles, which are tapped during breathing. If the course of the disease is a lung, only a person who is diagnosed with "bronchial asthma" can hear them. As the disease gets worse, wheezing can become more sonorous, they can be heard by others. Features wheezing:

1. Most often occur during activity, laughter, excited state.
2. Often heard at night during sleep.
3. Accompany the patient at all stages of the disease (however, in this case, their tone and sonority differ).

Whistling and wheezing - this is an auscultatory sign of bronchial asthma. The term “auscultation” itself means “listening” by a physician to the sounds of the work of the patient’s organs.

Feeling of tightness

What else are the first signs of asthma in adults?So, it must be said that quite often the patient may have a feeling of constriction in the chest. Patients often say that during exhalation, something as if squeezes the chest so much that it is simply impossible to get rid of the air accumulated in the airways. Most often, this condition is accompanied by panic of the patient. People in this case or freeze in one place, afraid to move, or start to rush around the room. The best option for this symptom is to relax. Then the attack will be extremely fast.

Other symptoms

It should also be said that there may becompletely different signs of asthma in adults. So, if the cough form of this disease is the most common, then there are other types of it. In this case, asthma goes away without coughing and shortness of breath. What are its signs in this case?

1. Rough or intermittent breathing.
2. Noises can be heard during sighs.
3. The patient is often observed apathy, as well as the maximum lack of physical activity.
4. There may be a completely opposite symptom: an increased excitability, the inability to concentrate on one thing.
5. Often, patients have a sleep disorder.

It is worth saying that these symptoms are more oftenjust manifested in children and adolescents. But they are also possible in adults. So at the first signs it is best to seek help from a doctor. This is important, because only in this case can the disease be cured in its early stages, without putting it in the category of chronic.

Cardiac asthma

In addition to asthma, there is also asthmahearty Many people mistakenly believe that this is the same disease. However, it is not. It is worth saying that the signs of asthma of the heart and bronchial are similar. It is shortness of breath and a feeling of choking. But the nature of such states is different. If during bronchial asthma the cause of this is edema and inflammation of the airways, in the case of cardiac asthma the poor performance of the atrium and the left ventricle becomes the cause.

Heart Asthma Symptoms

What are some signs of heart asthma?

1. The attack most often begins at night. There is a feeling of squeezing in the chest.
2. Acute shortage of air.
3. There may be frothy discharge from the mouth (they can also be painted in a light pink color, small inclusions of blood are possible).
4. Shallow and shallow breathing.

Risk groups

Having reviewed all the signs of bronchial asthma(cough form), you should also tell about who is primarily susceptible to this disease. So, at risk are the following categories of people:

1. Women who are currently undergoing significant hormonal changes (for example, pregnancy or menopause).
2. Women who have taken a hormone like estrogen for more than 10 years.
3. People who recently suffered one of the viral diseases. For example, sore throat, flu, cold.
4. People who are prone to obesity.
5. Predisposed to allergies, especially those who have allergic reactions to animal hair.
6. Men and women who have the diseasemay turn out to be professional. So, at risk are those who duty must be in smoke-filled or dusty areas, in places where there is a lot of fluff, animal hair or certain odors (colors, toilet water, etc.) are constantly present.
7. Those who live in the industrial zone.
8. Those who have a genetic predisposition to this disease.

What to do?

If a person observes at least some signsbronchial asthma (cough form), it is best to immediately seek help from a doctor. Self-medication can be very dangerous, because if you treat it incorrectly, you can start the disease to a severe form. In this case, asthma becomes chronic and already accompanies the person throughout his life. Turning to the doctor, you can find out the exact diagnosis and get proper treatment.