Urticaria in a child: treatment, lifestyle, causes

What is urticaria, many know.This appearance on the skin in response to some irritants of red or pink overlying skin pruritus spots (they are called blisters) resembling a burn from the impact of nettles (hence the name). Such blisters usually have a clear boundary, are prone to fusion, have a lighter center, sometimes a pronounced red rim. In some cases, the spot itself is surrounded by a thin strip of skin, which has a lighter color than the unaffected cover.

Another characteristic feature of urticariais that the blisters migrate (today on the hands, tomorrow - on the back), after them there is clean skin, which you will never say that there were hives in this place.

From what arises?

The main cause is allergic. The skin rash described above may result from:

- introduction of medicines;

- the use of a product for food;

- an insect bite;

- contact with animals;

- exposure to the skin of household chemicals, cosmetics or other substances;

- flowering of some plants.

• arising in response to cold exposure;
• solar;
• which appeared due to mechanical skin irritation (dermograph hives);
• vibration;
• a disease that arose in response to the pressure applied to the skin;
• Cholinergic urticaria - spots appear after contact with hot water (shower, bath, sauna) or physical effort;
• adrenergic - a rash appeared after stress;
• in response to contact with water - the aquatic form.

Depending on its type, urticaria in the child is treated differently, so before consulting "on the Internet", consult an immunologist-allergist.

How to treat hives caused by an allergic cause?

A.Urticaria can be caused by the use of the allergen in food: that is, at the time of the appearance of the stains, there was no contact of the skin with a new means of household chemistry, the child does not take medication, or the given method was not the second or third one, nothing blooms, but there was a consumption of some new product. If there is such a urticaria in a child, treatment requires:

1. Stop giving this product.
2. Rinse the stomach and put an enema (preferably withSorbent type "Polisorba", "White Coal" or "Smekty"). An important feature: the water should be cool, the temperature is below room temperature, since an enema with warm water is dangerous.
3. To give an antihistamine: "Suprastin", "Diazolin", "Tavegil", "Fenistil", "Erius".
4. For 2-3 weeks before the complete disappearance of the elements of the rash, observe a hypoallergenic diet.
5. In the acute period (while there are newblisters), especially with a large area affected or active podsypanii recommended to give 2-3 types of short-acting antihistamines: for example, in the morning - "Fenistil", in the afternoon - "Diazolin", in the evening - "Tavegil" or "Suprastin" in the age dosage. In addition, three to four times a day a child should be given "Polysorb" or "White Coal".

B.If at first there was an insect bite, then the urticaria developed in the child, treatment (if the bite was not in the head and neck area - then at least one-day hospitalization is mandatory) is to administer antihistamines (two to three as indicated above), calcium preparations , sodium thiosulfate.

В.If hives appeared in response to flowering plants, it is necessary to treat it with antihistamines. In this case, it is recommended to take one long-acting agent (Erius, Zodak, Cetrin) together with a short preparation (Fenistil, Diazolin) followed by a drug of the same number, but which has delayed effect and should be taken more than a month - Ketotifen. Compliance with diet is mandatory.

G.If the diagnosis of "cholinergic urticaria" is diagnosed, treatment presupposes long-term use of contrasting showers (for "accustoming" the vessels of the skin to the action of different temperatures). Of the drugs are appointed: "Ketotifen" (it strengthens the shells of cells that produce histamine - trigger allergy) and "Dentokind" (it contains trace amounts of belladonna, which is shown in this case) for long-term use. It is recommended to observe a non-strict hypoallergenic diet.

If acute urticaria in a child is diagnosed, treatment should be performed in a hospital. Especially if:

- the rash spreads to the neck or face - there is a danger of suffocation;

- the child is small;

- the disease is accompanied not just by a rash, but also by fever, pain in the abdomen;

- for a day under the condition of taking antihistamines, sorbents, the lesion area not only did not decrease, but also increased;

- In addition to urticaria, there was a dry cough, rales in exhalation (there is a danger of suffocation).