At present, the number of oncologicaldiseases is growing every day. There are many prerequisites for this, but in such situations it is very important to correctly and quickly diagnose, only then it is possible to achieve the effectiveness of treatment. There are many methods for diagnosing cancer, one of them is biopsy. The types and significance of this method can be different, we will try to get acquainted with them in our article.
This study is intended to clarifydiagnosis or refinement of what is already available. The accuracy of the biopsy is almost 100%. During the study, a small area from any organ is taken, depending on the location of the tumor and pathology.
If there is a suspicion of oncology, a biopsyfirst. Biopsy takes biological material and conducts its study under a microscope. If there is a development of a cancerous tumor or other pathological process, then the tissues always begin to change, which is simply impossible not to notice under the microscope.
Types of biopsies can be different, they can even differ depending on the field of medicine:
Not only different types of biopsies are shown, but also methods of taking biological material for research.
Depending on the location of the tumor, doctors use one or another method of taking the material.
Fine needle biopsy. In this form, the material is taken with a needle, which is injected into the pathological site.
Smears-prints are taken from the cervix with suspicion of oncology.
Thick-needle biopsy involves the production of a larger number of tissues, for example, with suspected liver, prostate and breast cancer.
Aspiration biopsy. The material is collected using an aspirator. This method makes it possible to obtain simultaneously several fragments of tissues.
The material can be taken under the control of scanning, it can be X-ray, MRI or ultrasound. They allow the doctor to control the position of the needle.
A biopsy can be performed during a surgical procedure.
Fence material during endoscopy or fibrogastroduodenoscopy. This method is often practiced in case of suspected oncological disease of the colon, stomach, esophagus.
Given the severity of the pathology, its location, the doctor decides on a method of taking material for cytological research.
It does not matter what kind of biopsy the doctor uses,cytological diagnosis will make it possible to make an accurate diagnosis. After the biological material is taken, it is sent to the laboratory for a number of studies.
Histological examination of tissues is carried out.Pre-taken material is dehydrated with special fatty solutions, so that it can then be impregnated with paraffin. Then the thinnest sections are made and placed on a slide. For better visibility, the preparations are often stained.
Carry out a cytological examination.The process of preparation of seized tissues practically does not differ from the previous study. But there is a fundamental difference in cytology: oncological diseases are established by qualitative characteristics of a cancerous tumor. This method of study is considered less informative, but if it is impossible to remove a piece of tissue, it is optimal.
Breast cancer is quite commonpathology among the female population. This kind of oncology is now quite well amenable to therapy if it is detected in the early stages, but not all women take their health seriously, which sometimes leads to unfortunate consequences. Often we go to the doctor when the disease has gone too far. To make an accurate diagnosis in the diagnosis of breast diseases, the following types of biopsies are used:
Different types of biopsies in oncology are important, but such a study can reveal other diseases, or rather, exclude oncology with them:
With all these pathologies, a biopsy is necessarily done to exclude a more serious disease and accurately diagnose.
We examined what a biopsy (definition,types of breast cancer), but it is a common research and cervical pathologies. Assigns this procedure gynecologist and thus pursues the following objectives: to confirm, clarify or refute the diagnosis, which was delivered after the cytology.
The basis for the appointment of cervical biopsy is the presence of the following pathologies:
Types of biopsies of the cervix can be used different, depending on the purpose and size of the pathological site. Here are the types that are most often used:
Types of biopsy of the cervix are selected by the doctor with all indicators taken into account.
The need for a cervical biopsy is mandatorynegotiates with the patient. The doctor informs the woman about the possible consequences and takes her written consent to the procedure. It is carried out on the 5th-7th day of the monthly cycle.
Before taking the material, the cervix is carefullytreated with an antiseptic solution. The process is controlled by mirrors or a colposcope. If a large intervention is required, anesthesia is performed.
Taking into account the type of biopsy, the entire pathological site or part of it is excised. After the procedure, the wound is treated with a blood-restoring compound and, if required, joints are applied.
After the removal of the biological material, it is sent for histological and cytological examination, which allows revealing the following pathologies:
In the study, a terrible diagnosis can not be confirmed, but minor changes in cellular structures that can be provoked are found:
Cervical biopsy is one of the main diagnostic procedures. Its results allow you to diagnose with an accuracy of 100%, which makes it much easier for the doctor to choose the tactics of treatment.
Very often, the biopsy procedure is performed directly in the doctor's office, whether it's a mammologist, gynecologist or other specialist. In very rare cases, hospitalization is required.
Before the procedure, the doctor must inform the patient of the following information:
If the doctor discusses all these questions beforehand with the patient, then, as a rule, the procedure is performed in the regular mode.
We examined what a biopsy, species, meaning.Methods of study exist different, but this is the most informative, it allows you to accurately and quickly diagnose. Very rarely after a biopsy there are complications. If the procedure is carried out by a specialist, then everything goes smoothly and without consequences, but the development of the following undesirable phenomena should not be ruled out.
There may be bleeding from the fence areamaterial. After the procedure, the wound is always treated with blood-resurfacing solutions and a dressing is applied, if required. It is important to avoid bleeding with bronchoscopy of the lungs, otherwise this can lead to serious consequences.
It is clear that a biopsy leads to damageorgan. But the rupture of tissues and the formation of hematomas occurs when the procedure is performed by an unqualified specialist. In these cases, it is important to prevent infection.
There may be infection of the site under investigation. This happens if the rules of aseptic and antiseptic are not respected.
Septic shock can provoke an active spread of bacterial infection.
Avoid all complications, whatever types of biopsiesnot used, you can if you use modern equipment and always follow the rules of sanitation. This will prevent infection from entering the wound and complications.
So, we examined in detail the types of biopsies.Pathanatomy is a science that studies pathological processes in tissues. So a biopsy is one of her methods, but I must say that the most informative and accurate. The most important thing is for patients to call the doctor on time, then you can not only make the correct diagnosis, but not be late with treatment.
Take care of yourself and take responsibility for your health.
