Salmonella typhimurium bacterium is known inmedicine like Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium with flagella (violet hair-like structures) through which this microorganism moves.
Named bacterium - the main cause of food poisoning (salmonellosis) in humans. It is most often infected with pork, poultry, eggs. Pets can also transmit it.
So, we are interested in salmonella typhimurium - the causative agent of such a dangerous disease like salmonellosis. The salmonella enterica species has 6 subspecies:
The salmonella enterica enterica subspecies includes the following serogroups:
The enterica species is considered pathogenic for humans and animals, as well as birds, but only a few of them are most significant for humans. And most cases of salmonellosis occur in S. typhimurium.
Many strains of Salmonella are resistant to modernantibiotics, and therefore spread throughout the world. So, nosocomial salmonellosis is a serious problem at present. And in 80% of cases, the causative agent of nosocomial (nosocomial) salmonellosis is S. typhimurium.
The course and danger of the disease cause the following pathogenicity factors:
Salmonella typhimurium are resistant to various environmental factors:
Outbreaks of the incidence of salmonellosis occur in the summer, more often diagnosed in young children due to the imperfections of their immune system.
Патология передается алиментарным путем, также contact and contact household. By the way, it is important when eating eggs to pay attention to the type of protein and yolk. When cloudy, hemorrhaging, rotten smell, the egg is most likely infected. It needs to be thrown away, pour chlorine onto the dishes, and process the hands with them. Soap in these cases does not help.
Winter outbreaks, high lethality and contact-household transmission mechanism occur due to antibiotic resistance and due to the fact that food supply is centralized.
The incubation period lasts from six hours to eight days, but most often the first symptoms appear already in the first day or two after eating an infected product.
There is a violation of the water-salt metabolism due todiarrhea, the stool becomes watery, frothy, fetid, with greens resembling "swamp mud", with a frequency of up to ten times a day, for a week or more.
The disease begins acutely, characterized by weakness, lethargy, moderate abdominal pain (the area of epigastrium and navel). The abdomen is painful on palpation, there is a rumbling and noticeable swelling.
The following indicators affect the diagnosis:
Возбудитель обнаруживается из биологических сред (feces, blood, urine, affected organs) and suspicious products by bacteriological method. The final result is usually ready by the fifth day.
When infected with salmonella typhimurium, the symptoms are as follows:
This disease can be fatal in infancy, in the elderly, as well as in persons with reduced immunity. This and dangerous salmonella typhimurium.
The treatment consists of antibiotic therapy and rehydration. Also prescribed antispasmodics, enzyme preparations, sorbents, antidiarrheals. Shown diet "Table number 4".
Therapy should take place under the strict supervision of a physician, and in severe cases, resuscitation measures are applied. From sorbents for detoxification of the body, it is advisable to use the following drugs:
With frequent, persistent vomiting,It is imperative to call an ambulance to prevent dehydration. The patient is usually prescribed Regidron. Increased temperature is reduced by antipyretic drugs.
Антибактериальными средствами, активными в respect salmonella salmonella enterica, stand "Furazolidone", "Ciprofloxacin", "Rifaximin", "Nifuroksazid." But they can only be prescribed by the attending physician, selecting an individual dosage and taking into account the condition of the patient infected with salmonella typhimurium.
