The speed of first aid in case of injuries is crucial. Lost time can lead to sad consequences. Wounds are divided into the following types:
a) Stab wounds that can be obtained by thin sharp
objects.They are characterized by insignificant external injuries and absence of abundant external bleeding. Often, stab wounds are accompanied by damage to the internal organs and internal bleeding.
b) Cut wounds are a cut with flat edges of different depth and extent. The most dangerous are cut wounds in the area of large arteries.
c) Stab wounds are a combination of crushed and cut, with the predominance of one of the components.
d) Chopped wounds are obtained as a result of a sharp sharp object. They are extremely dangerous because of the considerable depth of penetration and the associated damage, sometimes incompatible with life.
e) Bruised wounds appear as a result of a blunt, heavy object and are accompanied by a crushing of soft tissues.
e) Ragged wounds are the result of a wound with an object with uneven edges or irregular shape.
First aid in case of wounds isstop bleeding. This may be a finger method, in which the artery is pressed with fingers to stop the flow of blood to the damaged portion of the blood vessel. The first medical aid for wounds can be rendered in the form of imposing a tight pressure bandage. This method is used to stop bleeding from small blood vessels of the extremities. The bandage should be applied with effort. Option may be first aid in case of injury, rendered by the application of a tourniquet. This method is used for damage to large arteries in the region of the hip and shoulder, as well as in the case when professional medical care is delayed. The tourniquet can not be applied for longer than 45-50 minutes, and in winter
not more than 30 minutes. Under the bandage it is necessary to put a note in which
The exact time of the overlay is indicated. The tourniquet is only applied over the tissue
bandages or clothes.The first aid in wounds, if these methods can not be used, is in the form of a tight tamponade of the wound. It is used to stop bleeding from the arteries only when the extremities are injured.
First aid in gunshot wound is concludedin the rapid assessment of the degree of danger of injury. The nature of the damage can be different, it is important that the bullet does not hurt the vital organs. Gunshot wounds are often complicated by contamination, the presence of bone fragments and damaged tissues. Determine the severity of injury can be in place and type of bullet hole, as well as the behavior of a person who is injured. First aid in wounds involves replenishment of blood loss with blood-substituting solutions. It is necessary to administer painkillers or anti-shock drugs. Also it is necessary to investigate the wounded man for a fracture of bones. In case of their detection, the victim needs
Immobilize, since sharp fragments can damage arteries and aggravate
position. After providing the first necessary assistance, a wounded person needs
lay in a horizontal position and call an ambulance. To transport
The patient alone is not recommended. In case of cardiac arrest, you need
hold artificial respiration. You should also do an indirect heart massage.
With internal injuries, bleeding occursin the internal cavity, often there are complications in the form of pneumothorax or hemothorax. To prevent ingress of air into the wound, it is necessary to clamp it with a dense clean material and to seat the patient in a semi-sitting position. In order to avoid infection of the wound, it is necessary to treat its edges with an antiseptic preparation and impose a sterile material.
