Not everyone can order a ready-made swimming pool.That is why many are forced to do it yourself. This process is very time consuming and complex. And at the final stage, you need to take care of the most important thing - waterproofing. It affects not only the reliability, but also the durability of the structure as a whole. Let's talk about what and why waterproofing of the pool is needed, as well as how to cope with this task without the involvement of specialists.
Before proceeding to the practical part of the work,I would like to talk a little about what functions waterproofing performs. For this you need to deal with its species. Thus, the waterproofing of the pool is of two types: external and internal.
You can guess that the outer insulationused to protect the structure from the effects of groundwater. In this case, internal waterproofing is necessary so that the water collected in the pool does not destroy the concrete structure from the inside. Moreover, if you are going to build a pool inside the building, then you do not need to use external waterproofing.
You must understand that any kind of insulation is notsolves all problems. Yes, it will be protection from moisture from any side, but no more. If the pool basin is made with deviations, then waterproofing will not help here.
Many are mistaken at this stage.The fact is that waterproofing should be settled during the construction of the pool. And if the work will be performed at the wrong time, then cracks of 3 mm and more can form. This will lead to moisture on the concrete base, which will start the process of its gradual destruction.
It is often required to use differentmaterials for waterproofing (plastering, rolls). For example, coating insulation requires a carefully prepared bowl and its base. In some cases, using a one-component mixture, in others - a two-component mixture on a cement-polymer base. This is the kind used for internal processing. For outdoor use roll materials. Since they have poor adhesion with some surfaces, it does not make sense to use them for internal work.
We have already figured out what we needwaterproofing. Now I would like to consider the technology of the internal and external works. All work can be done manually, but this will require a little theoretical knowledge.
The inner layer of waterproofing is performedimmediately before finishing the pool. For this, reinforced coating materials are used. They are necessary to prevent moisture from seeping through the bowl inside the structure, which can lead to its destruction.
Exterior waterproofing is implemented by introducingin the concrete mixture of plasticizers. The purpose of the latter is to increase the strength and water resistance of the bowl. Work must be carried out during construction, if there is no such possibility, then at the stage of repair work. In any case, waterproofing a concrete pool is a mandatory procedure. Many experts emphasize that high-quality waterproofing should be not so much durable and elastic as to create a monolithic layer that reliably protects against moisture.
Сейчас хотелось бы поговорить о том, как защитить concrete base from moisture from the inside. Such waterproofing is performed under the tile. After the bowl has been filled and formed, it should harden and dry completely. After that, you can apply waterproofing. Almost any elastic mix will do. It is better to apply in several layers, because it is so much safer. To prevent leakage in any area, waterproofing should be distributed evenly along the bottom and walls of the bowl.
Basically, waterproofing pools under tilesit is quite simple and fast. The main thing is to pay attention to the quality of the mixture and apply it as evenly as possible. After drying it is necessary to check the pool. To do this, it is filled with water, which over time is released. After that you can draw some conclusions. If leaks were found, they can be covered over.
An abundance of modern waterproofing materialsjust amazing. It may even seem that sometimes it is simply impossible to choose, because there are so many of them. But it is extremely important to pay attention to the design features of the bowl. And only after that proceed to the selection of insulating material.
The most popular and at the same time relativelyinexpensive material is a film of high strength. It has a lot of advantages, but all of them can be crossed out with one minus. The fact is that if at least one slightest hole appears in the film, then the entire layer will have to be changed.
It is impossible not to pay attention to the membranematerials. This is a PVC film, TPO and others. Such waterproofing has a service life of about 50 years, and is also environmentally friendly. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to mount a PVC film by yourself, and the material itself is very expensive.
In most cases, mastics are not used inas an independent waterproofing for many reasons. The fact is that they do not always give the proper result. But during the repair inside the pool it is difficult to do without them. Any local damage is best covered with mastic. It is economical and reliable. It is recommended to purchase mastics from the following manufacturers: Psaykpes, Penetron, and also Kalmatron.
Бентонитовые же маты подходят в качестве основной waterproofing. But it is necessary to understand that bentonite granules are washed away by the pressure of water. In addition, the maximum load requirement must be met, which should not exceed 200 kg / m2. This material is very resistant to mechanical damage and has the ability to regenerate.
Often, waterproofing is carried out at the endconstruction work. First, it is desirable to perform external manipulations. For this, the walls of the pool are cleaned of soil and residues of the concrete mix. Moreover, the cleaning must be done to the depth of the cushion around the perimeter. At the next stage, it is necessary to embroider the seams of the walls to a depth of 5 cm using a perforator. The mastic is laid in the holes, which must be carefully smoothed. Exterior walls should be slightly moistened with water, and after about 15 minutes, apply penetrating insulation. After 24 hours, apply the second layer. The thickness of each layer should be about 2 mm. In principle, waterproofing the pool with your hands outside almost done. Walls can be additionally covered with liquid rubber. At the very end of the wall covered with soil, preferably not dumped, and clay.
We have already dealt a bit with how it is performed.waterproofing the pool from the inside. The fact is that it is much more difficult to carry out internal work properly than outside work. Firstly, the quality of the waterproofing material and its technical characteristics are more important here, and secondly, the layer must be perfect, without cracks.
Many experts recommend usingcement-polymer mixture (self-leveling). She poured on the surface of the floor. But the surface of the walls, it is desirable to process penetrating insulation. In this case, you should pay attention to such areas as the corners of the walls, the junction of the walls and the floor, the holes for the pipes. These places are the most vulnerable and the most problematic. After completion of the work, it is advisable to apply colored mastic in several layers, wait for it to dry and test the waterproofing.
So we talked to you about how to performexterior and interior waterproofing work. If the material is chosen correctly and the technology is observed, then everything should be in order. For example, liquid waterproofing for swimming pools is often washed off, but resistant to mechanical damage, but with the film due to the large water pressure nothing happens, but any damage will require repair. In any case, the waterproofing of concrete pools is necessary. So you can protect the base from premature destruction. Remember that it is better to perform work not during repair, but during construction. So significantly increases the effectiveness of waterproofing.
