Stone laying

Stone laying is not a very complicated process. It occurs in several stages with observance of a certain technology of preparatory work and directly the installation itself.

The basis for it should be carefully and qualitatively prepared. Its surface should be:

• absolutely flat - to detect unevenness use the level, if necessary, they are leveled with cement-based putty;
• solid, strong, should not crumble orexfoliate - checked with the help of any solid sharp object: they are carried by two intersecting lines and examine the surface at the point of intersection, in it there may be possible exfoliation;
• without cracks and any contamination;
• have high adhesion, that is, it is good to adhere to the surface.

Stone laying is performed on vertical, horizontal or inclined surfaces. The type of fastening depends on the thickness of the plates and is conditionally divided into three categories:

• 1-1,5 cm - for wall finishing;

• 1,5-2 cm - for facing the floor;

• 2-5 cm - as a floor covering.

Types of laying

Horizontal

There was a time whentechnology of steeping the stone directly into the solution - a mixture of hydrated lime with sand and Portland cement. This technique does not allow the formation of voids under the stone, nor the film on the solution. The only thing is to remove the protruding mixture at the edges and traditionally wipe the seams.

But over time, there were excellent qualityGlutinous materials based on resins, which have become increasingly popular. As you know, laying marble requires a special choice of fixing solution, because of its porosity on the surface may appear unaesthetic stains. So, glue materials of the new generation can eliminate the appearance of stains, stains, discoloration. Many of them have sealants in their composition, which, undoubtedly, positively affects the overall quality of the packing.

Nevertheless, in the case where the laying of the stone is carried out on a porous base (gypsum, cellular concrete), it is recommended to fill the surface with a layer of self-leveling primer.

The adhesive solution is mostly applied onlyon the base with a special spatula, notched. And it is not recommended to apply it simultaneously to large areas. Apply the mortar, as necessary, to a small surface area for the installation of a concrete stone tile. For example, laying granite, is made on a surface, the area of ​​which does not exceed one square meter. This condition is due to the fact that on a long-lying adhesive solution a film is formed, which substantially worsens its quality. This is so serious a drawback that if, despite all precautions, the film is still formed, the solution is completely removed and a new one is applied.

In the case of the use of some glutinous solutions,taking into account the technological conditions of their use, the back side of the stone slab is smeared. Thus, the need to check the quality of the adhesion of the glue to the stone itself is automatically eliminated, for which it would be necessary to raise the already laid stone slabs.

Sutures from the remnants of the adhesive can be easily cleaned with a moistened sponge (after final hardening, of course) and sealed with a silicone elastic sealant.

Vertical

For inclined and vertical surfaces, in addition to the above, metal fasteners are also used.

Stone tiles can be laid on the walls in two ways:

• The plates are mounted on a surface prepared in advance using a fastener, and the voids between them and the wall are filled with a backfill or a special solution.

• Stone laying is done one by one, while it is simultaneously fixed with a fastener or stainless wire.

It is important not to forget that before starting the work on laying stone slabs, you should make a preliminary trial calculation of the required number of them and adjust them to all angles.