Чтобы обеспечить работоспособность водопровода, little to organize a well or well. It is also necessary to take care of the delivery of water to the house. If the well is located at a distance from the building, and its depth exceeds 10 m, it is advisable to use a horizontal centrifugal pump. Units of this category are capable of delivering water under pressure to a height of more than 80 m, while spending the minimum amount of energy.
A horizontal centrifugal pump creates sufficient pressure due to centrifugal force, which occurs due to the rotation of the inner wheel of the unit when exposed to liquid.
Through the suction nozzle the water fillspump casing, the inner part of which has a kind of spiral. Here are the impellers in the form of blade disks. When the latter is activated, water is thrown to the walls of the hull due to the action of centrifugal force. The larger the diameter of the impeller, the higher the pressure of the outgoing water.
The horizontal centrifugal pump contains the following main components. It:
Currently, there are a wide range of individual modifications of the units, depending on the design. Let's look at the options that are most in demand in the home and at work.
Horizontal single-stage centrifugal pumpowes its name to the nature of the connection of the impeller with the shaft. Here the shaft functions as a cantilever between the front bearing and the wheel. The mechanism is located on the base plate, where it is connected to an electric motor.
Designed centrifugal horizontal pumpsingle stage for handling clean liquids. This, in turn, means that aggregates of this category should be used for pumping a chemically inactive medium with low density indices.
Multistage centrifugal pumpshorizontal contain several impellers on a common shaft. The principle of operation of equipment in this category can be compared with the work of several single-stage units with a serial connection. The main task of such systems is the formation of an impressive head at relatively low fluid flows.
In terms of hydraulics such a unitis a mechanism with a centrifugal wheel in the form of two discs, between which the blades are located. The latter have a bend opposite to the direction of rotation of the wheel.
Центробежный горизонтальный консольный насос differs in high efficiency of work which is provided with impressive value of turns of working blades of the mechanism. When the wheels rotate, the centrifugal force creates the effect of vacuum in the pressure pipe, as a result of which an elevated pressure is formed in the peripheral zones.
Centrifugal horizontal cantilever pumpIt is widely used in the organization of water supply, heating and heating systems. Often, the use of such equipment is resorted to when it is necessary to meet household needs, for example, when watering home plots, when the usual single-stage pump is insufficient due to the low water pressure.
Насосы центробежные горизонтальные химические produced mainly in multi-stage performance. They are industrial units that are used to move neutral, toxic, chemically aggressive, combustible and harmful liquid substances. Often used for pumping liquefied gases, the evaporation of which, in combination with air, form explosive mixtures.
Cryogenic Horizontal Centrifugal Pumppossesses a similar principle of action characteristic of the aggregates of the previous classes. The decisive difference is the possibility of installation on vehicles as an element of complex technological systems for the preservation of cryoproducts.
Выбирая горизонтальные центробежные насосы для water, special attention should be paid to their size. Typically, the diameter of the unit has no determining value. But the length significantly affects the safety of subsequent operation in specific conditions.
Если колодец отличается глубиной порядка 10 м, а the water level is at a distance of 3 m from the top, here you can install any pumps longer than 90 cm in length. After all, there will be a sufficient layer of liquid from below and above the equipment.
With a lack of water in the well to apply "long"Units are prohibited. In such cases, it is worthwhile to give preference to submersible centrifugal models. The latter are less sensitive to solid particles and sand impurities, protected from the “dry run” by float switches.
Selection of a centrifugal pump in accordance withthis parameter entirely depends on the water flow in the water supply system. The performance of the unit should slightly exceed the needs of residents in the water. To determine the desired value allows the summation of the flow rate of all "consumers", in other words - sinks, showers, sinks, washing machines, other plumbing fixtures.
The advantages of centrifugal pumps can be divided into functional and structural.
Such units are extremely compact due toconnections with an electric motor and steam turbines. As a result, the units themselves have small dimensions, low weight, despite their impressive performance. To install a centrifugal pump requires a minimum of free space and a relatively light foundation.
Среди функциональных преимуществ стоит отметить simple adjustment and quick activation. Centrifugal pumps continuously and extremely smoothly deliver working fluids. In this case, the likelihood of hydraulic shocks in the pressure wire is significantly reduced.
Such equipment is suitable for pumping substances with a high content of pollution, suspended matter and particulate matter.
The budget cost of most models is a consequence of the use of inexpensive bases such as steel, polymeric compounds and cast iron as materials for the manufacture of materials.
Центробежные насосы подходят для перекачки воды any hardness, temperature, viscosity. As a result, their operation is not limited to the domestic sphere. Often, such units are used by enterprises of the oil industry, utilities, mining companies.
Насосы погружного характера применяются для pumping clean water from wells and wells, draining flooded rooms. Preferring such equipment for the implementation of these needs, consumers are guided by the possibility of continuous operation of the units for a long time.
Centrifugal pumps are widely used as an element of petrochemical installations, equipment for food production, and means for chemical processing of substances.
To prolong the service life of the pump and ensure its trouble-free operation, it is necessary to complete the unit with a certain set of additional elements.
Для защиты рабочих колес от проникновения в the system of foreign bodies input lines of the units are closed by filters and valves. In order to avoid the outflow of the pumped liquid in the opposite direction, gauges are installed to control the level of pressure and special shut-off valves.
When selecting the dimensions of the pump, they are based on the value of the necessary key characteristics: head, performance, which the unit must provide, taking into account the resistance of the plumbing system.
Centrifugal submersible unit is placed in the well with a cable. As an attachment, a special metal frame is prepared, which is fixed above the tank.
Installation of the pump is carried out in strict sequence:
Upon completion of the above activities you canfocus on laying the pipeline in the foundation of the structure and its connection to the location of the equipment, whether it is a boiler, a hydraulic accumulator, or a water filter.
Centrifugal pumps are among the most numerous.a group of equipment intended for pumping liquid substances. As can be seen, the units of this category differ somewhat in their areas of application and functional purpose. Household appliances supply clean water and liquid with minor impurities, industrial models can be used to work with rather aggressive media.
