Project activities in primary school are alreadyIt has not been a novelty in the world education system for a long time, however, in our country the use of this method began not so long ago. To date, the relevance of this method of education is explained and related to the fact that the existing modern education system in Russia, giving skills and knowledge to students, does not involve their synthesis and application in practice.
Project activity of junior schoolchildren canget effective application, not replacing the existing education system, but organically expanding it and supplementing it. The project activity in the school assumes the construction of a series of interrelated projects on the basis of the curriculum, which are connected with the implementation of the solution of various practical life tasks.
Thus, for each projectthe student will need to solve a number of interrelated problems that are directly related to real being. At the same time, the student needs the ability to coordinate his efforts and the efforts of others. To perform specific tasks and do the work, the child will need to acquire the necessary knowledge himself, which will only contribute to their assimilation.
Project activities in primary schooleffectively promotes the child's diversified development, education and training, as well as the development of creative abilities and the ability to adapt to the socio-economic conditions of existence. Cognitive motives of education are formed for schoolchildren, as children see the final results of their activity, which elevate them in their own image of themselves and cause the desire to improve their skills, knowledge and personal qualities.
Project activities in primary school form the following skills for children:
- to determine the ultimate goal of the activity, to carry out its planning, to correlate the final and intermediate goals with the results of activity and to control them;
- perform the developmental mental operations, laid down by the composition of the project activity;
- conduct experiments and observations. To build simple objects and models of the surrounding world for consideration.
To implement all of the programsactivities of the child development task, it is necessary to think carefully about the themes of the projects. The provided subject material should have a reasonable logical dependence and consistency. The organization of educational cognitive activity of children should be arranged in such a way so that it reflects the logic of scientific activity. Such work prepares children for a deeper study of the sciences. Consequently, the school children's arming with the method of scientific knowledge is of particular importance. However, do not forget that the activities of students should be independent.
Let's give a small example for clarityunderstanding of the structure of the project activity. The teacher informs the class about the project theme - "The variety of mushrooms", which is proposed to make a book for children. Further schoolchildren discuss what they would like to do the book, how to design it, what to include in the content. Then each student takes a task - to find and bring information about a certain type of fungus and come up with the design of the material. The next day the students share the information they received and break up into groups that will take care of the book, writing an introductory article, drafting the rules of the mushroom picker and thinking through the presentation of the project. After performing group tasks, the results of the work are discussed by the whole class, the teacher evaluates the work of each of the students. On the final day, the presentation of the project among the students of the junior school takes place in order to attract the attention of the listeners to the project.
Such work has a positive impact on the development of children, therefore, project activities in primary schools should become an obligatory part of the educational process.
