Perhaps one of the biggest Christianchurches is the catholic church of rome. It originated from the general direction of Christianity as early as the distant first centuries of its origin. The word "Catholicism" is derived from the Greek "universal" or "ecumenical." In more detail about the origin of the church, as well as its features we will discuss in this article.
The history of the Roman Catholic Church begins with1054, when an event occurred that remained in the annals under the name “The Great Schism”. Although Catholics do not deny that all events before the split - and their history. Just from that moment on they went their way. In that year, the Patriarch and the Pope exchanged menacing messages and betrayed each other anathema. After that, Christianity finally split and two currents formed - Orthodoxy and Catholicism.
As a result of the schism of the Christian churchThe Western (Catholic) direction, the center of which was Rome, and the Eastern (Orthodox), with the center in Constantinople, stood out. Of course, the apparent reason for this event was disagreement on dogmatic and canonical issues, as well as on liturgical and disciplinary issues, which began long before that date. And in this year disagreement and misunderstanding reached a peak.
But in fact everything was much deeper, andThe matter here concerned not only the differences of dogmas and canons, but also the usual confrontation between rulers (albeit ecclesiastical) over recently baptized lands. Also, the opposition was strongly influenced by the unequal position of the Pope and the Patriarch of Constantinople, because as a result of the division of the Roman Empire, it was split into two parts - Eastern and Western.
The eastern part retained much longerindependence, therefore the Patriarch, although he was controlled by the emperor, but had the protection in the person of the state. The West, however, ceased to exist as early as the 5th century, and the Pope gained relative independence, but also the possibility of an attack by barbarous states that appeared on the territory of the former Western Roman Empire. It was only in the middle of the VIII century that the pope was given land, which automatically makes him a secular sovereign.
Today, Catholicism is the mostnumerous branch of Christianity, which is spread throughout the world. For 2007, there were about 1,147 billion Catholics on our planet. The largest number of them is located in Europe, where in many countries this religion is state-dominated or dominates over others (France, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Poland, etc.).
In the Americas, Catholicscommon everywhere. Also followers of this religion can be found in the Asian continent - in the Philippines, in East Timor, China, South Korea, in Vietnam. In Muslim countries, too many Catholics, but most of them live in Lebanon. On the African continent, they are also common (from 110 to 175 million).
Now you should consider whatmanagement device of this direction of Christianity. The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church is the highest authority in the hierarchy, as well as jurisdiction over the laity and the clergy. The head of the Roman Catholic Church is elected by the conclave of the board of cardinals. He usually retains his powers until the end of his life, except in cases of legal self-denial. It should be noted that in the Catholic doctrine the Pope is considered the successor of the Apostle Peter (and to him, according to the confession, Jesus ordered to take care of the whole church), therefore his authority and decisions are infallible and true.
Further in the structure of the church there are the following positions:
Territorial units in Catholicism are as follows:
It should be noted that the Catholic Church of Rome has differences in ceremonies at the time of worship (however, unity in faith and morality is preserved). There are the following popular rites:
Their difference may be in some disciplinary matters, in the language in which the liturgy is read, etc.
Due to the wide interpretation of church canons andDivine dogmas of the Catholic Church of Rome has about one hundred and forty monastic orders in its composition. They have been leading their history since ancient times. We list the most famous orders:
Помимо орденов в католической церкви находятся the so-called Uniates are those believers who retained their traditional worship service, but at the same time accepted the creed of the Catholics, as well as the authority of the Pope of Rome. These include:
Below we consider what are the most famous saints of the Roman Catholic Church:
Now about what the Russian Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church differ from each other in the modern version:
Несмотря на некоторые отличия, католическая The Church of Rome is still fraternal in faith for the Orthodox. Misunderstandings in the past divided Christians, turning them into irreconcilable enemies, but this should not continue now.
