AMT gearbox - what is it ... AMT gearbox: description, principle of operation and technical characteristics

In order for the engine to powerwheels with different torque, the transmission is provided in the design of the car. It can be both mechanical and automatic. In turn, both types have several subspecies. This is not only a DSG, but also an AMT gearbox. What is this transmission? How does she work? Answers to all these and other questions - further in our article.

Characteristic

So, in our intended carinstalled AMT gearbox. What it is? This transmission is a manual transmission. In it, the switching speeds is carried out using an eclectic control unit.

The system responds to sensor signals and generatesresponse impulse, thanks to which the gears are switched. What is characterized by AMT gearbox? Reviews of car owners note that this transmission combines the convenience of an “automatic machine” and the reliability of “mechanics”. Unlike automatic transmissions, this box requires less stress, thereby reducing fuel consumption. At cost, cars with AMT are much cheaper than the same models with automatic transmission, and in the same configuration. This is a kind of cheap analog automatic transmission. Recently, AMT is installed even on budget cars. And it is not only about foreign cars, where almost in the "base" is the AMT gearbox. "Grant", "Largus" and other AvtoVAZ models have been equipped with such transmissions recently. Motorists have already appreciated the ease of use of such a gearbox. It is really reliable and does not require permanent work as a clutch, as in the “mechanics”.

Device

The design of this site requires the following elements:

• Clutch system
• Manual Transmission.
• Drive control.

What is the difference between AMT and automatic transmission?All boxes of the first type used friction clutch. Recall that in the "machine" is used a hydraulic transformer, or "bagel", which transmits torque due to the rotation of a special impeller and oil.

AMT's robotic gearbox includesone or two clutch discs. The latter type of design is used to reduce power gaps when upshifting. At the heart of any AMT is a manual transmission. For example, in German Mercedes cars, a seven-speed tiptronic is used. On the "BMW" is set six-speed transmission with electro-hydraulic drive.

Drive Types

Depending on the brand of car, in different waysWorks AMT gearbox. What does it mean? The design of the site can be hydraulic or electric type of drive. So let's look at how they differ.

Electric

In this case, used mechanicaltransmission and electric motor. Such a drive has a big disadvantage. This is the speed of switching speeds. It makes up to 0.5 seconds. This significantly affects the acceleration to "hundreds." A similar car on the "mechanics" will accelerate 1-1.5 seconds faster. This is a significant difference. Due to the simplicity of the design, it is used on cars of the middle and budget segment. These are “Ford”, “Fiat”, “Citroen” and “Peugeot”. Also do not forget about the domestic manufacturer. These are “Vesta”, “Largus”, “Kalina” and other models of VAZ. AMT gearbox, reviews of which are very positive, deserves a lot of respect. Due to the reliability and ease of use "as on the machine", you can close your eyes at long intervals when switching. Well, for those who want to get the most out of dynamic driving, there is an AMT with a different type of drive. We will look at it below.

Hydraulic

The design has a special tank withfluid, as well as additional cylinders (almost like a brake system). Here, thanks to the use of hydraulics, the gearshift speed is about 0.1 seconds.

On some sports cars thisthe indicator can be 0.05 seconds, which is faster than the "mechanics". But, due to the use of a hydraulic drive, the system requires more energy. Accordingly, the design is complicated. Therefore, these boxes are not placed on budget cars. Exceptions are Volkswagen cars. It uses a pre-selective gearbox, which is several times cheaper than conventional hydraulics. In other cases, such a transmission is placed on cars "BMW", "Audi" and "Alfa Romeo".

Control

Контроль работы и переключение скоростей carried out thanks to the sensors. And both on hydraulic, and on electric boxes. There are ABS sensors, a control unit, as well as actuators. How it works? When the vehicle is moving, the sensors transmit a pulse to an electronic control unit, where data on oil temperature, engine and wheel speeds, and the current selector position are processed. Further, the mechanism generates a control impulse that goes to the eclectic engine. In the case of hydraulics, the unit transmits information to the solenoid valve.

Features of operation

Так как использование гидравлического привода requires additional costs, which will affect the cost of the car, the transmission with electric control can not differ good dynamics of acceleration. When switching, there are huge failures in dynamics.

But if the budget allows, you can buyhydraulic AMT and switch like a real car. But here it is not so simple. As for the hydraulically driven robotized transmissions, reviews say that it “eats up” the oil regularly. It is necessary to monitor its level. Yes, and it is very expensive.

About double clutch

Earlier in the article we mentioned German carsVolkswagen with their pre-selective gearboxes. Recently they have become very popular. And all thanks to the use of dual clutch system. Such a device allows you to quickly switch gears with minimal loss in dynamics. And all this without the use of expensive hydraulic drive. They were called pre-selective because of their special working principle.

When the car is traveling in one gear, the secondthe disk is already engaged with the following. Thus, when the machine needs to switch to a higher speed, this process is performed as quickly as possible. Moreover, the system works not only to increase, but also to reduce transmission. The car very quickly “dumps” them when braking. The design of such AMT is very compact, which is especially important for small cars. It uses two types of clutch. It is wet and dry.

Consider the technical characteristics of the example of a 7-speed AMT. An electric pump is installed here. The volume of oil in the system - 1.7 liters. The peak torque of this transmission is 250 Nm.

This is quite enough for cars.But as for SUVs, they lack such characteristics for overclocking. Therefore, a wet type of clutch is used here (the volume of oil is 6.5 liters). But the torque here is much higher - 350 Nm. In any case, the use of double clutch allows switching speeds without noticeable dips in the dynamics. Now this type of gearbox is used on cars.German production, in particular on the "Volkswagen". Also on cars "Skoda" installed AMT gearbox. What it is? This is a six-speed robotic transmission with two clutches. The manufacturer gives her a five-year warranty.

Conclusion

Итак, мы выяснили, что такое АМТ коробка передач."Lada Vesta", equipped with such a checkpoint, will obviously interest our car owners. After all, such a box on domestic cars appeared recently. By the way, recently AvtoVAZ began to equip the Priors with an AMT box.