Technologies of calculation methods, in whichthe price of similar products is calculated, called parametric. These parametric pricing methods create a parametric series that adequately describes the approaches to pricing for products having roughly the same characteristics as needed and physicochemical properties. In addition, parametric pricing methods are used when the consumer characteristics of goods can be accurately established in quantitative terms. Only in this case, the commodity output can be reflected by means of a parametric series, for example, different in function purpose machines, described by their capacity indicators. Such parametrical indicators can be several, for example: power, consumed electricity, time of non-stop work, and others. The cost in such cases can be calculated by relative correction of the prices of all other goods in relation to the base. In this case, if the price is set taking into account the fact that the basic parameters themselves can change, this pricing method is called parametric. In the simplest form it can be reflected by the following dependence: U (n) = U (b) * (KP), in which: U (n) is the unit cost of the new product, U (b) is the cost of the base, parameters that occurred in the new product in relation to the base.
Parametric methods of pricing include:normative-parametric method. The essence of it is that the new price with its help is calculated taking into account the costs per unit of the selected parameter. In this case, the formula will look like this: U (n) = U (s) + H (s) * {KP}, where H (s) is the established cost norm per unit of the selected parameter. And in the first and second cases, the formulas can be adjusted taking into account the possible application of any preferences in determining the price of the goods.
Based on such basic principles of parametricpricing technique is formed, for example, the method of unit price. As practice shows, it is used in the formation of the price of a commodity by any one basic quality parameter. The main indicator here is the so-called unit price, which is characterized by a particular division of the value of the main parameter into the leading main quality parameter. To avoid errors and improve the accuracy of the results obtained, this method is used only to obtain preliminary or indicative estimates, since it takes into account only one parameter when pricing. To compensate for this deficiency, parametric pricing methods include methods of scores and regression.
It is important to take into account that the price policyis determined not only by the pricing methods used. It is formed under the influence of a wide range of factors, including external ones. As one of the most influential factors is the type of market in which the firm or enterprise is present or where it is going to be present. Today there are four main types of them. As a rule, pricing on different types of markets has its own characteristics, which should be taken into account when forming a business strategy. For example, if a decision is made to act in the market of pure competition, then one should know that with a lot of participants operating on it, practically none of them alone can have a significant impact on market conditions. But in the market of monopolistic competition, although there are many participants, the goods are purchased at prices set by the leading monopoly producer.
Similarly, when the price of a commodity is formed on itsThe value is influenced by the pricing of the factors of production. The peculiarity here is that the behavior of participants in the market is described not just by the usual action of the law of supply and demand, but also by the pattern of demand for factors of production at lower prices.
