The work of this artist is differentunity, which is saturated with rich inner meaning, reflected in the individual elements of the whole. The basis of this integrity are visible trends that distinguish the works of Turgenev - the universalism of the author's emotionality and the elegism of artistic thought.
Для И.С.From the very beginning of the writing path, Turgenev was characterized by a desire to comprehend and perceive the world around it in all its diversity. In his early poem, the drama Steno, he attempted to reflect all aspects of human existence. It is this “inclusiveness” that characterizes the works of Turgenev. The place of a person in society, as a person and individuality, his being in all its manifestations is the key universal of the writer. It was she who determined his ideological and philosophical content of all creativity and all genre delights. At the beginning of his creative career, he tried, "empirically," to find his own genre angle of view, to "collect" his own artistic world, the writer "I." The works of Turgenev show how wide the genre range of the creator is — he is both a playwright, a poet and a prose writer — as Ivan Sergeevich brought to life his search for his ideal artistic form that would correspond to the universal task he set himself.
Turgenev's striving for universalizationruns a red thread through all his early work, which mainly consists of lyrical works. However, neither the dramatic, nor the lyrical, nor the epic genre satisfied the writer, so he decided to realize himself as an artist in more suitable genres for his individuality - a novel and a novel. Nevertheless, the experience of the playwright, the poet and the author of essays and stories became the stylistic basis of the writer's subsequent prosaic works. If, studying the genre system of Turgenev's creativity, special attention is paid to the genre specificity of the novel and the novel, then it can be noted that they are in close dialectical interrelation. The works of Turgenev, the list of which will be given below, indicate that prose was considered by the writer as a genre of literature, which has tremendous potential to depict the “elements of social life”, the process of development and development of a person’s personality, in a word, the prose for the author opened up perspectives of amazing content. .
Analysis of the work of Turgenev, anyonerelating to the period of the 1840s, shows his expressive desire to conduct a “dialogue” with the genre of the novel, whose image is invariably present in his creative consciousness. Even in the poetic novels (“Andrey”, “Parasha”) the concept of the original Turgenev story, which later will be dialectically connected with the novel, is already visible. The works of Turgenev (the list of which looks quite impressive) - “Inn”, “Mumu”, “Correspondence”, “Bretter”, “Lull”, “Two friends”, “Diary of an extra person” - are formed in the artistic consciousness of the creator as a dialogue with a novel.
Beginning in the 1850s at the level of the dialogue of ideasTurgenev was able to adequately express his initial attitude towards “inclusiveness”, comprehension of human existence, life. Works by Turgenev, “Asya”, “On the Eve”, “Fathers and Sons”, the collection “Notes of a Hunter”, “Rudin”, among other things, prove that the author was most fully realized in the genres of the novel and the story, each separately developing inside his genre paradigm, remaining in close dialogue. Turgenev's story "lives" by the novel, and his novel is a story, reflecting the dialectic of the writer's artistic thoughts, they contain all the main Turgenev motifs and themes, they are notable for their substantial bulk.
Elegiac mood and worldview combinedamong themselves all the genres in the works of Turgenev, they are present in the stories, early lyrics, novels, poetic short stories and even comedies. The works of Turgenev clearly demonstrate that the palette of his work is extremely wide - the elegiac in the artistic world of the author exists with the tragic in the stories, the dramatic in the novels, the satirical in his poetic novels. This helps the artist to express the words of the beauty and value of the human person. It seems that the prevailing elegiac style of Turgenev’s work as a whole is not perceived by the reader as the “tragic face” of the author. This is due to the fact that the elegiac principle, despite the tragedy of human existence and its continuity with the life of nature, points to a path that will lead to harmony in the relationship of man, nature, people, the universe and history.
