Goods crossing the border of the country (both importand export) should be checked. Customs examination determines the quality, safety of use and compliance with the norms of imported (exported) products accepted in the country. Experts who possess the necessary knowledge both in the customs bodies themselves and in other authorized organizations are engaged in verification.
Commodity and examination in customsare interrelated. Any of the companies working for export will not be able to carry out export transactions without expert opinions. A document confirming the passage of the examination will also be required for companies insuring cargo. Customs examination stops attempts to "discharge" low-quality goods to markets.
In addition to checking the quality of goods, identification,conformity of VT (commodity nomenclature), chemical composition, cost estimation (average statistical), determination of the presence of prohibited (harmful or narcotic) components, conduct another study to determine the authenticity of the documents submitted. The expert studies seals, signatures, text, signs, notes; restores the original form of the document (if necessary); checks the conformity of security signs; the filling sequence; specifies the way of making the document (requisites); verifies the signatures on the document with the originals.
The official, being authorizedthe customs body, must take a decision on such an examination (necessarily in writing), which indicates the grounds for the examination, the initials of the expert, the name of the organization, the list of documents and the time frame in which the conclusion should be given.
With insufficient information, inadequateregistration of the relevant documentation, violations of the safety of packages, lack of a base (material and technical) or special conditions, the examination may be refused. The refusal must be made in writing, with clear indication of specific reasons.
If the decision to appoint an expert examination is taken,The declarant (or an authorized person) must receive a notification within 24 hours. Terms of conduct - 20 days. Expenses for examination should be reimbursed by the state (from the state budget).
Customs examination is carried out within 20days. The head of the customs examination has the right to extend these terms (taking into account the terms of storage of the surveyed goods), indicating in writing the reasons for the extension.
Customs examination can be:
- commodity, criminalistic, identification, technological, material science;
- complex, single, commission (in terms of the number of experts involved);
- primary, secondary, repeated.
Only one examination is conducted by only oneexpert, commission - experts of one specialty, complex - experts of different specialties and areas (in the conclusion there should be signatures of all who carried out the examination (under each thematic part separately).
At primary examination the generalinspection of the goods, their samples, samples are taken. An additional one is appointed at the newly discovered information, or changed circumstances. In case of disagreement with the conclusion of the declarant (or customs body), the examination should be re-appointed (conducted by a commission of at least two experts). The customs expert, who gave the opinion earlier, should not take part in the second examination.
The longest and most complex is the customsexamination of goods marked "food". Here, the certificates accompanying the products have practically no value. Of course, during the examination they are taken into account, but the so-called recheck is carried out: the documents are examined, the quality of the imported (exported) products is determined. The indicators are checked against the certificates provided. Then comes the turn of the epidemic control, and the sanitary and epidemiological inspection conducts its inspection, and the customs - its own. And only after checking the indicators can we talk about making a "verdict".
Customs examination is a guarantee,that the goods delivered to our markets are of really high quality and comply with GOSTs. Goods, which the seller can not provide a certificate, it is better not to purchase.
