Modern cinema is impossible to imagine withoutspectacular scenes that are created with special effects. This is exactly what makes it possible to transfer the viewer to fantastic worlds, transform the scenery and characters of films beyond recognition. Let's learn how to create special effects in the movie. Photos that reflect the implementation of advanced technologies when shooting movies, also look at the material.
Отправной точкой в создании поражающих The imagination of special effects is considered the year 1977. It was at this time that the first part of the extremely successful Star Wars franchise came out on wide screens. Thanks to the innovative ideas of the talented director George Lucas, the viewer was able to see for the first time realistic battles in outer space, get acquainted with uncharted worlds, bizarre inhabitants of distant planets, as well as enjoy the battles on the legendary lightsabers. Breathtaking backgrounds creators of motion pictures were able to implement through the imposition of hand-drawn images on blue screens. Huge space ships and other large-scale objects were created by shooting miniature layouts.
The stunning success of the picture "Star Wars"George Lucas pushed the idea of creating a whole studio called Industrial Light and Magic, whose staff was engaged in the development and implementation of innovative effects. Later, the company's achievements were used in the filming of blockbusters such as Jurassic Park, Terminator-2: Judgment Day.
How do special effects in moviesdid fantastic creatures seem real to the viewer? This is achieved through the use of animatronics. The essence of the technology is in the preparation of robotic mockups of moving objects. The idea was first implemented by Steven Spielberg during the filming of the painting "Jurassic Park" back in 1993. Here, only a small part of the scenes with the participation of dinosaurs was created through the use of computer graphics. The director focused on using animatronics and shooting people in animal costumes.
В начале прошлого века в кино стали широко resort to the reception, known as matte painting. At that time there was no computer graphics. Therefore, the background, which was used when shooting films, artists had to draw by hand. The task of the animators was to prepare backgrounds that were organically combined with props and did not enter into dissonance with the images of the actors.
The technology of creating hand-made scenery was actively used until the late 90s. Today, such a method is resorted to less and less. After all, matte painting was replaced by digital special effects.
How to make special effects in the movie?Today, motion capture is one of the most popular movie shooting techniques. The essence of the technology is as follows. Artist role dressed in a special suit, covered with numerous sensors. The latter enter information about the movements of a person into a computer. Thanks to the data obtained on the screen creates a moving three-dimensional model.
For the first time, motion capture technology was successful.implemented during the filming of the first part of the “Lord of the Rings” film trilogy. The character Golum, played by the famous British actor Andy Serkis, actively interacted with the environment and other heroes precisely because of motion capture. Each scene with the participation of the artist simultaneously filmed more than a dozen cameras. Further, on the basis of the resulting image, a single three-dimensional model was created, which realistically transmitted not only the gestures of the actor, but also live facial expressions.
A new breakthrough in the development of technology took place atfilming blockbuster "Avatar" directed by James Cameron. To create the most believable characters, facial expressions of the actors' faces, movements of their bodies and sound were recorded simultaneously. Thus, the creators of the picture managed to create truly realistic computer characters for the first time in the history of cinema. An example of how such special effects were realized in the movie, before and after, can be seen in the photo below.
At one time truly unique,innovative special effects in the cinema were realized by the Wachowski brothers, the directors of the cult blockbuster The Matrix. Among the dozens of original solutions that the filmmakers turned to during filming, the technique known as Bullet Time deserves special attention. Film directors installed several dozen cameras on the set. The latter simultaneously filmed a person in motion from various angles. Thus, the viewer had the impression that the operator was moving around the actor while he was trying to evade the bullet in the fall. Later, similar special effects in cinema were repeatedly used by other directors.
The first completely computer character appearedin front of the audience on the screen in 1985 in the film "Young Sherlock Holmes." It took the creators of the painting more than half a year to prepare the model of the ghostly knight, which consisted of fragments of church stained-glass windows.
Modern software allowsimplement computer-generated images of absolutely any characters. Many decorations are created thanks to Hromakey - shooting episodes on a green background. Such special effects in cinema make it possible to finish all sorts of backgrounds behind the actors at the stage of editing and post-processing of the tape.
A prime example of the use of "green screen"The picture "City of Sins". In the presented film, absolutely all the scenes were shot against such a background, and the scenery is the result of the implementation of modern computer graphics.
