Historical temples are often the hallmark of the state. By their appearance judged on the spiritual component of the country, on the development of spiritual art.
For centuries, architects, artists, builders, sculptors tried to decorate churches so that they would be admired, in order to show the greatness of the faith, the greatness of the country.
Special traditions of temple construction, symbolism of various religions played and play an important role in the creation of temples.
In the architecture of the temples there are special details andspecial terminology. Russian Orthodox churches also have such special elements that are not found in other buildings or are extremely rare.
One of these elements is zakomara - an architectural element inherent in church construction.
The history of the construction of temples in Russia begins with988, the year of the adoption of Christianity. Vera came to the Russian lands from Byzantium, and therefore the first churches were built in the Byzantine style. Gradually, the architectural traditions changed, adding special elements inherent only in the Orthodox Church, decorations.
From Byzantium came to us the tradition of vaulted ceilings. From here a special roof appeared, exactly like the shape of the roof. 
In the old Russian language, a mosquito is the vault, and the zakomara is the semicircular completion of the wall that covers the roof of the same shape.
This form of an Orthodox church is characteristic of Old Russian church architecture and was distributed in the 12th and 17th centuries.
Zakamara required a strong support, otherwise the arch would simply collapse. Powerful walls allowed temples to survive for centuries and survive to the present time, overcoming time, the vagaries of the weather, the attacks of enemies.
In addition to the semicircular shape, there is also a keeled zakomara. This is an element that does not completely repeat the shape of the vault, and therefore it is otherwise called a false zakomara.
If you explain the concepts and terms of the "keeled gaff" to a foreign tourist without showing a photo, he is unlikely to understand what is being said. After all, this is the original Russian element.
In construction often used a combination of these elements. Keelids had a decorative purpose. Often, for the same purpose, zakomars were located in several tiers.
It is known that the forms of temple buildings have a certain symbolism. The temples were built in the shape of a ship, a cross, a circle. All these forms are explained by special Christian traditions.
Depending on the internal form of the temples often have several arches, respectively, and several zakomar.
Закомары храма часто называли кокошниками за их similarity with a female headdress. Often they were decorated so skillfully that they could compete with this female adornment. This word is given in the dictionary of the synonyms of the Russian language VN Trishin, published in 2013.
In the 17th century in construction are increasingly usedbrick, and in connection with this, the zakomars are replaced by a sloping gable roof, which is lighter, does not require strong support for the construction, and it is easier to withstand harsh weather conditions. There are bestopoltnye temples with a quadrangle, covered with a closed stepped vault.
At the end of the 20th century in the construction of templesthere is a revival of ancient traditions. This opportunity came with the development of new construction technologies. Therefore, it became possible to build or rebuild temples, exactly the same shape as the Old Russian.
Undoubtedly, domes are the decoration of Orthodox churches. A zakomara in architecture, which is found only here, often becomes a true work of art of an ancient temple.
This element of architecture is compared to the femaleheaddress, which was decorated with embroidery, embroidered with precious and semi-precious stones. Such kokoshniki are real works of art, are stored in museums as a subject of national costume, a special pride of Russian culture. Similarly, the ancient Orthodox churches, like Russian beauties, are distinguished by their stateliness and decoration of headdress. Zakomara is the pride of the ancient temple, its decoration.
Sculptors, artists, mosaic masters, architects tried to decorate the temple mosquitoes as elegant as possible.
