Launch of a modern car engineis provided with the help of a starter. It is an electromechanical device, based on an ordinary electric motor, powered by a battery. Its design is simple enough and relatively reliable, but it also requires timely maintenance and repair.
One of the most common faultsstarter is the wear of electric brushes, as a result of which it loses its ability to work fully, and eventually ceases to function. Fortunately for car owners, this breakdown is not critical, unless, of course, it is diagnosed and eliminated in time. In this article, we'll look at how to replace the starter brushes with your own hands in VAZ-2109, 2110 cars.
To begin with, we will understand the principle of the startingdevice. As already mentioned, the starter is an electric motor that consumes direct current from the battery. Cars VAZ-2109 and 2110 are equipped with four-pole brush starting devices with retracting relays. Outwardly they differ in size and type of attachment. In all that concerns the principle of work, the starters of the "nine" and "ten" are identical.
The scheme for switching on the device is as followswhen the ignition key is turned to the winding of the retractor relay and the brush, a voltage is applied, so that its drive engages with the flywheel ring. At the same time, the motor starts. Its shaft begins to twist the flywheel through a bendix-pinion gear of a special design, which ensures reliable engagement. When the crankshaft turns start to exceed the number of rotations of the starter armature, the latter is disconnected by a return spring.
Structurally the brush of the starter VAZ representsa graphite or copper-graphite parallelepiped with a size of 14.5x13x6.2 mm. A stranded copper wire with aluminum fastening at the end is brought to it and pressed.
Given that the starters VAZ-2109 and 2110four-pole, four brushes are needed to ensure their operation. Two of them are connected to the mass of the device, and two are connected to the positive wire from the battery.
Каждая щетка стартера закреплена в отдельной cell of the special block - brush holder. It is made of dielectric material and is designed not only to securely fix, but also to press them against the working surface of the armature, providing a so-called sliding contact.
The starter brush often failscause of wear. Simply, it is erased and ceases to contact the collector plates. Initially, wear can not affect the operation of the launcher, but eventually it will necessarily declare itself. It also happens that the brushes of the starter VAZ-2109, 2110 are destroyed due to mechanical damages, for example, due to a malfunction of the collector, factory fault, bearing faults, shaft bearing sleeve, etc. As for normal wear, this malfunction is unavoidable, however can be easily eliminated with your own hands.
The wiped brushes of the starter VAZ-2110 or VAZ-2109 can prove themselves by the following signs:
Having found out such malfunctions, trying to start a car with a starter is not recommended. So you can significantly aggravate the situation.
Каким же образом определить, что причиной problems became exactly worn starter brushes 2109, 2110 model VAZ? First, make sure that there is no break in the electrical circuit of the device. Check the connection of the wires to the ground. If they are all right, take an insulated wire and connect the positive terminal of the starter to the positive terminal of the battery. Do not forget to turn on the neutral gear and ignition. If there is a problem in the wiring, the starter will start and start the engine.
If this does not happen, the starter for further diagnosis will have to be dismantled.
Dismantling of the starting device begins withdisconnecting the ground wire from the battery. For greater convenience, it is better to put the car on the pit and dismantle the engine protection. It is easier to remove the device from the bottom.
Next we find the starter and detach it from ittraction relay power cable. After that, unscrew the nut of fixing the positive wire (key to "13"). Using the key on the "15" unscrew the two (for "nine" three) bolts securing the starter to the clutch housing. We dismantle the starting device. As you can see, the process is fairly simple, and does not require special skills.
Before starting to disassemble the starter, you canit again check. To do this, the device must be connected to the ground by the corresponding terminal and to the positive terminal of the battery. If it does not show signs of life, try turning it over. Usually if one starter brush or several of them is worn out, they fall and lose contact with the collector, and when turning over everything falls into place, and the electric motor can work as if nothing had happened.
At the initial stage, it is necessary to unscrew it with a screwdrivertwo screws securing the shaft cover to the rear of the starter. Remove the cover, O-ring and gasket. After that, we release the two nuts of the tie rods and dismantle the brush holder assembly. The brushes will fall out of their seats under the action of the springs, but they will be held on the contact wires.
Next, you should inspect the brush holder.If it has traces of mechanical damage, it must be replaced. Maybe that's where the cause of the malfunction lies. Pay attention to the collector of the device. All of its copper plates should be in place. If they have signs of wear (chips, cracks, traces of short-circuit effects), you will have to change the anchor.
The process of brush replacement will not take more than 20 minutes. All you need to do is unscrew the contact wires of each of the elements on the brush holder, and connect the new ones in the same way.
Next, each starter brush 2110 or 2109is placed in its seat over the clamping spring. When this is done, the brush assembly must be placed on the collector. To do this, the brushes are alternately heated inside the cell, and the anchor is scrolled in one direction. After that, we build the starter in the reverse algorithm. Before installing the launcher, we check it in the manner described above. If the starter is working, then you did it right.
A few words about the brushes themselves.If you decide to replace them, then you should change not one or two, but all four. Otherwise, after a while you will again have to return to this procedure, and uneven wear will not bring anything good.
For convenience in choosing, use these catalog numbers:
By indicating them to the seller, you definitely will not go wrong.
To make the starter brushes work as long as possible, follow these tips:
