Computer graphics imperceptibly, but firmly entered intoour everyday life. It has long ceased to be the lot of the elect. Each time, transferring photos from a digital camera to a computer or simply clicking on the "save" button to add to the collection of your favorite picture, you work with computer graphics.
Knowing the basics of how it worksmethod of working with images, will serve you well. Extensions after the file name will cease to be for you some magic abracadabra, but will start to supply important information. You can consciously decide which images to compress better, so as not to clog the space on your hard drive, and choose the right way to do it.
Editing your own photos alsowill pass from the state of the "scientific poke method" to a whole new level. And for some, the innocent fun with the images on the screen gradually passed and into a fairly lucrative work.
It's no secret that all the data in thecomputer is written using binary code. Thus, any information, whether text, picture or sound, is encrypted in a certain way. In order to save a vector image, it is divided into elementary geometric figures, which, in turn, are described by the simplest mathematical formulas. Thus, for example, the letter "and" for a graphic editor will be described by two parallel segments of a given length, which are connected by a line at an angle of 45 degrees.
The bitmap image is broken in a different way. A computer splits a picture into a set of points called pixels, and remembers the color and location of each pixel.
If you work with a vector drawing, thentheoretically you can increase it to infinity. And the quality of the image is in no way reflected. Since the parameters are given in the form of geometric formulas, the computer simply recycles them and fills all the voids with the right colors. As a result, you have a clear image.
The drawbacks of raster graphics lie precisely inThe fact that under compression (which in the vast majority of cases takes place while saving a file) can significantly suffer quality. Appears so-called granularity. However, it is the raster graphics used in complex images. In vector drawings you can create only very simple pictures. So now we will focus on where the raster graphics are applied.
Bitmap images are ideally transmittedcontent of the scanned objects. With their help you can work with halftones and a smooth transition of color. Photographs taken with a digital camera also use raster images. Also this format serves as an irreplaceable tool in the field of web design.
The number of these points per given area unitcalled resolution. On a high resolution image (a large number of individual pixels), we see a clear picture and smooth color transitions. However, in case the resolution is small, the quality of the image can suffer greatly (after all, the computer simply displays the number of points in its memory and stretches them to the requested size).
The file format can be conditionally compared with the language.In order to transmit the same information in different languages, you will need a different number of letters, sounds and words. Also in most cases, the grammatical construction will also differ. And "translators" from these "languages" in our computers are specialized programs that either "read" it, or convert it into the right format.
The main difference between formats is the way information is stored. Consider the most common.
Quite cumbersome in digital scalesstorage, but simply irreplaceable when printing information. Unlike BMP, it supports the ability to compress (compress) information. And for this you can use not one, but several different algorithms. However, if you do not work in the printing industry or at least some publishing house, you will not need a serious capacity of this format.
Improved version of the earlier version.Information about the image is compressed even more compactly, and the quality loss is much less. Most often this format is used to store photos on the computer hard drive and on the Internet. However, it should be remembered that if you repeatedly save the same image in JPEG or JPEG 2000, it will always lose pieces of information, and eventually you will get a much distorted picture, in comparison with the original one.
A much improved quality colleague of the formatGIF. Keeping literally all the advantages of his predecessor, he is deprived of his shortcomings. Used for both image editing and web page design. In addition, PNG, in contrast to GIF, is officially freely available.
Raster graphics in PSD format are processed exclusively in Adobe Photoshop. This is the internal package of this program. It supports work with layers of the edited image.
This is also an internal package for the programraster graphics Corel DRAW. Typically, this program is used by graphic designers to create images from scratch. But undoubtedly, the editing function is also supported.
And now a little about the programs that work with editing images.
The most popular among users at thisthe moment is the program Adobe Photoshop, in the common people called simply "Photoshop". This development, in fact, monopolized the work with raster images in the environment of design specialists. However, this program is paid and it costs not so little. Therefore, the development of other companies began to appear. Some of them have already been widely used.
As for the "Photoshop", it did not affect its popularity. The interface of this program is quite simple, and in a variety of video courses and tutorials, there is no shortage.
In "Photoshop" you can not only make a collagefrom photos or add to the image the built-in effects. The simplest functions of this program can be mastered very quickly, and this will open the door for an unbridled flight of fantasy. You can correct the flaws of the exterior, adjust the color gamut, change the background, and many, many more.
As for free programs, then you can safelyrecommend GIMP. This graphic editor can easily press the untwisted "Photoshop". It perfectly copes with all the tasks necessary for editing raster images, and has some initial functions for working with vector graphics.
The GIMP program allows you to take photos moresaturated and alive, it easily removes unnecessary elements from the image and can be used to prepare professional design projects. Computer graphics created with this program, looks natural and organically fit into the overall picture.
It would be wrong to bypass productscompany Corel. In Corel DRAW, you can easily work with both raster and vector images. The possibilities of this tool are so numerous that the study of the program Corel DRAW is included in the compulsory training course for graphic designers in colleges.
This program is also paid, and its arsenalproducts is replenished with an enviable regularity. But, despite the vast possibilities that this graphical editor provides to the user, its intuitive interface makes the workflow a pleasure.
And literally a few words about alternativeprograms for image editing. In most cases, they perfectly cope with the requests of the average user, and the places and resources on your computer are taken several times less. And to work with them is by and large easier, because you will not be overwhelmed by the need to choose among all sorts of functions, the purpose of which remains unclear.
If you like unusual and mostly comic photos, try using the program Funny Photo Maker. There you will find many original frames and funny visual effects.
For more serious works Picasa will do.This editor is sharpened for use in computer networks. Its new features will allow you to even more easily create your pages in social networks. And the built-in effects for editing will not disappoint even an experienced specialist.
Another interesting program is Paint.NET.It is very similar in features and capabilities to Adobe Photoshop. And the tools used in Paint.NET can seriously compete with the said commercial counterpart.
