The development of entrepreneurship in Russia began with thethe period of 1864 - 1917, when, regardless of the ruling authorities and their decrees, more and more factories and manufactories were opened, where millions of people worked. It was during this period that an outflow of rural residents from the villages to the city occurred. In this period there was a quantitative, not a qualitative development. The number of enterprises that used obsolete, inefficient methods in their work increased, but thanks to the continuous form of work, they still had considerable profit.
By the middle of the 20th century, it became obvious that developmentEntrepreneurship in Russia, at that time still the USSR, is completely in the power of the state. Unlike England, the Soviet, and then the Russian, government tried to take the reins of small and medium-sized businesses into their own hands. Such excessive control led to the organization of large companies - monopolists, who did not give a chance to live in small private firms. With the transition to the market economy at the end of the 20th century, the development of entrepreneurship in Russia received formal freedom. Since that time, the state has ceased to interfere in the conduct of private business, than the situation has not greatly facilitated. For the development of entrepreneurship in Russia to occur most effectively, it was necessary to create conditions under which there would be healthy competition, there were no excessive taxes, a legislative base was formed.
It should be noted that, unlike large business, the development of individual business in Russia has a centuries-oldhistory. Its beginning can be attributed to the time of the appearance of merchants. In fact, they were the first individual entrepreneurs. They became famous all over the world, making cities such as Novgorod, Pskov, Kiev and other centers of trade and crafts. The active economic activity of the merchants led to the fact that these cities could rival the capital in terms of their wealth.
The abolition of serfdom was the beginningindividual entrepreneurship in the sphere of agriculture, when peasants began selling at the fairs their own products. By the beginning of the 20th century, private entrepreneurs received a certain bonus in the form of fixing prices for food and assistance from the state. In fact, at that time, private trade controlled retail, and wholesale sales were subordinated to the state apparatus. NEP became a harbinger of communist times, when the development of entrepreneurship in Russia stopped for several decades. It is interesting that the communist system not only replaced this layer of the economy, but also instilled into the minds of people the idea that to organize their business and live better than the rest is shameful and not in a Soviet way. This pushed Russia in terms of economic development with respect to Europe or America a few decades ago, and so, when various forms of joint enterprise were allowed in the early 1990s, the people were simply not ready for it, morally or materially.
Awareness of what to stand out from the rest andTo live better at the expense of own enterprise is not a shame, it began to come to Russians quite recently. To date, the desire to work for themselves, build their own business appears in many people, but not the formation of the institution of small and medium-sized businesses destroys positive undertakings directly at the root. Attempts to grow seeds of Western experience on Russian soil often result in failures, because Russia is too original and its features should not only be taken into account, but should be based on them, creating a certain program of actions.
