The beginning of the 21st century marked the rapid development of the industry of modern information technology. And today the products of this industry can be found in almost all spheres of public life.
So what is information technology?In modern publications, several different approaches to the definition of this concept can be found. One of them, in the opinion of most scientists, is the surest, given in the works of E.V. Nadygina. According to this author, information computer technologies are technologies based on the achievements of computer technology, as well as communication media. In this case, they represent a set of processes that affect information, and are tools for obtaining it. Such technologies allow for interaction between people and are a way of creating legislation, making joint decisions and developing the state legal system.
The latest achievements of science and technology are appliedin various spheres of public life. Also, information technology was widely used in legal activities. Here they allow you to solve certain tasks that arise in the performance of professional duties.
First of all, information technologies inlegal activities help significantly speed up the search, processing and subsequent analysis of the necessary information. In addition, they are used for the rapid exchange of various information, as well as for providing data demanded by state bodies, including within the limits of judicial procedures.
The development of information technology allowslawyer significantly reduce the time to analyze the numerous options that are allowed by the circumstances of the case, in order to choose from their number the only true one. This facilitates a more justified decision-making within a specific legal case.
Today every workplace of the corporatelawyer, legal adviser or lawyer is equipped with computer equipment that allows you to perform an operative search in one or another legal system. To ensure uninterrupted access to such systems, the Information Technology Department is being created. Its employees accompany legal programs, ensuring the implementation of a unified technical policy of the institution.
Самым первым и наиболее значимым достижением Information technology, which made life easier for every lawyer, is the creation of a reference and legal system. By the 60s – 70s of the last century, a large amount of paper information was accumulated concerning documents of domestic as well as international law and many others. With the passage of time, systematization of these paper carriers became more and more difficult.
In the same period, the development of informationtechnology, which prompted lawyers to contact computer experts who have successfully completed their task. Already in 1967, the program for computer search of legal information appeared in Europe. In our country, the first ATP was introduced in 1975, but at the initial stage access to its information was limited. Only in the 1980s – 1990s did the situation radically change. Appeared numerous legal systems designed for a wide range of users. Since 2011, began to introduce mobile ATP. Work with them is possible with a PDA and mobile devices.
Information technology in legalactivities have been further developed with the introduction of automated information systems. Today, the AIS is successfully used in the field of public administration, legal proceedings, expert, law enforcement and other activities. Examples of information technology of this plan are different. So, there are AIS:
Implemented software used as a means of information technology, is designed to support staff at any level in the investigation of crimes.
The role of information technology in the work of legalbodies significantly increased after the introduction of EDI. Electronic document circulation together with its electronic signature (ED) were developed and implemented as a result of the implementation of the target program “Electronic Russia”.
Today EDI is constantly being improved, transforming into electronic evidence and a system of their evaluation. This is allowed by such regulatory documents as the Code of Civil Procedure, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Russian AIC.
Electronic document flow in the legal sphere acts in the form of:
Electronic evidence is audio andvideo recordings, electronic correspondence, SMS-messages, etc. They are accepted for consideration in the event that they bear the marks of any offenses. These can be threats, SMS fraud, etc.
EDI and EDS are the elements that create the security of information technology. This can be done by code locks and anti-virus programs, a system of logins and passwords, etc.
Some means of information technologyhad a strong influence on the legal sphere, providing the possibility of fixing, obtaining, as well as the study of evidence. In their list is a technique that allows you to make audio and video recordings, etc. The state security authorities have used such tools since their invention. Obtain evidence help mobile information communications devices. Among them are tablet PCs and multimedia smartphones.
The latest technical capabilities has a mobile tool to protect witnesses. It is a whole complex of technical devices, which include:
VCS refers to those information technologieswhich lawyers have been using for a long time. To date, videoconferencing is able to ensure the consideration of cases in court in the case of a remote location of witnesses, convicts or victims. The effectiveness of such technologies is obvious.
They save time, money and effort. VKS allows you to refuse the transfer of the defendant, located in another city, for the sake of clarifying only some of the circumstances of the case.
To date, there are severalmost popular Internet sites containing legal information. The value of such portals lies in the availability of automated operational information systems (reports), judicial acts, etc. In Western European countries, a special program is being implemented, which is located on legal state portals. It allows you to submit documents to the arbitration court for legal entities and individuals.
As evidence of a perfect offense, data from recording devices installed to work in automatic mode are often taken. It can be:
All information obtained from such data banks is accepted as evidence.
The rapid development of scientific and technological progressallows you to constantly improve methods and means of dealing with crime. Thus, the connection of subscriber devices can already be taken into account for opening a criminal case. Obtaining specific evidence is possible only after an appropriate decision is made by the court. Such investigative actions became possible after the adoption of Federal Law No. 143-FZ of July 01, 2010.
The development of information technology allowsinternal affairs bodies to register the received primary information about the crimes and the persons who committed them. This system allows you to cover 95% of criminal episodes, which, in turn, characterizes the operational situation in the regions and in the country.
The information contained in such records in recent years has allowed to reveal from 19 to 23 percent of crimes. This one in four of those offenses, which dealt with the criminal investigation.
