Mexico is big enough in itsthe size of the South American state, which is characterized by a centuries-old history of its existence and very powerful economic potential, which is not fully disclosed to this day. In this regard, the article will examine in detail the industry of Mexico and its features.
Agriculture is a real stronghold andthe basis of the economy of this Latin American country. The natural conditions for the development of Mexico's industry make it possible in its territory to fully engage in the extraction of various minerals, but since the time of the Aztecs, land processing has claimed a dominant position in the development of the state.
Since ancient times, the Aztecs have created artificial islands,referred to as chinampas. In these areas, ancient farmers collected up to seven crops a year, and cultivated on them cereals and various garden crops. At the same time, cocoa beans were considered a rare rarity, which were sometimes used as a bargaining chip to pay for services and goods.
And in our time, natural resources for developmentThe industry of Mexico draws, as they say, directly from the land. So, still in agriculture the leading position is occupied by plant growing. Most Mexicans grow soybeans, beans, fruits, tomatoes, rice, corn and beans. An impressive amount of fruit and coffee is exported to other countries. Fishermen are actively working in the coastal zones of the state.
In general, agriculture is fully coveredneeds of the local population in products of this kind. The bulk of the production of rural products is concentrated on small private farms. At the same time, 6.1 million hectares of all cultivated areas are provided with artificial irrigation.
A rather large amount of sugar cane is grown - about 42 million tons per year. Overseas in large quantities are shipped pineapples, citrus fruits, avocados, mangoes, vegetables, peanuts.
The main direction is the cultivation of largeCattle, which is carried out mainly in the central and northern regions of the country. A fairly large percentage of livestock is exported. In the area of the Mexican Bay, a breed of zebu is bred. In addition, millions of heads are counted by sheep, goats, pigs, mules and horses.
Studying the industry of Mexico, it is impossible not to mentionto the fact that the main forest areas are concentrated in the Western Sierre-Madre and the southeast. Wood is harvested in an amount of 7.5 million cubic meters. meters per year. The state is rich in valuable breeds of red trees.
The light industry of Mexico maximallyis concentrated in the Puebla - Orizaba - Cordoba region, as well as in Mexico City and Guadalajara. In this sphere of the national economy, for the most part, medium and small enterprises are employed, with a small number of employees. The country is famous for the whole world with its medium-fiber cotton, on the basis of which very high-quality fabrics are produced. On the release of denim fabric Mexico firmly holds the fourth position on the planet.
The specialization of Mexico's industry is thatproduction of a variety of equipment is now gaining momentum. Thus, in particular, there are 39 factories in the country that produce cars of various classes and buses. Also assembled TVs, microwave ovens, refrigerators, automatic washing machines. But the most interesting is that in recent years, Mexico is included in the cohort of countries - the largest exporter of computer equipment. Produced in the state and railroad cars, and machines, and agricultural equipment.
The country is assembling airlinersforeign companies, and also the production of control systems. Many enterprises of the country began to develop the creation of helicopters and commercial jets. The local Aeromarmi company produces lightweight propeller aircraft, and Hydra Technology is developing unmanned aerial vehicles. What is important is that Mexico has its own television satellite in the geostationary orbit of the Earth.
The specialization of Mexico's industry is preciselyoil refining and its extraction. In the state, more than 90% of oil extraction from the subsoil is carried out within the framework of a state company called Petroleos Mexicanos.
In the mid-1970s, the country became one of theworld leaders in the sale and production of oil. However, after 10 years, there was a sharp drop in oil prices on the world market, and Mexico became a big debtor, which led to a default on foreign debts as early as 1982. As a result, the government was forced to admit private investors into the industry, which gave impetus to its development. Today, the petrochemical sector is essentially 15 branches, among which is the pharmaceutical sector and the production of plastics. By the way, the specialization of the industry of Mexico and Canada is almost the same, since the North American country also has oil production as the basis of its economy.
Despite the fact that Mexico has its owngas reserves in the amount of 13.2 trillion cubic meters. feet, this volume is not enough for her, and she is forced to import it. The main supplier of gas to the country is the United States. In the north and south of the Mexican territory, almost 60% of the country's gas is produced. Also in the state there are two large terminals of liquefied natural gas.
Mexico's industry in this area is very powerfuldeveloped. The complex of enterprises of this branch is concentrated in the northern part of the country, which has rich deposits of non-ferrous metals and iron ore. Metallurgical enterprises provide the domestic needs of the power completely and a significant part of the output is exported. Non-ferrous metallurgy plants are based in Mexico City and Veracruz.
Considering the industries of Mexico,It is worth paying attention and mining various ores. The country occupies the first place in the world for the extraction of silver (2368 tons) from the depths of the earth. In addition, iron ore, copper, zinc, cadmium, manganese, antimony, mercury are extracted in a rather large amount. In a smaller volume, gold, tungsten, molybdenum, uranium, and high-quality coal are extracted. Almost half of all the sulfur reserves on the American continent are located in Mexico.
This industry is represented by productiontortillas and flour. Also, stable and large-scale production of coffee, sugar, and alcoholic beverages is established. Almost all food products are produced in the state by multinational companies.
Mexico in the total amount of about 32thousand megawatts. At the same time, half of all electricity falls on thermal stations operating on coal, oil, gas. The third part of electricity is produced by hydroelectric power stations and only 3% belongs to geothermal stations. At the same time, only 2% of the generated electricity falls to the share of nuclear energy.
Mexico is the second country in the world to produce a drink called Coca-Cola. On its territory, the country has concentrated 54 manufacturing plants.
Mexico is the third state on the planet that does not have a budget deficit, but it has a low standard of living that forces people to migrate to the United States.
