In any of the major cities there is a problemthe deterioration of the morally and physically obsolete housing stock with simultaneous commissioning of modern new buildings. The capital of our country in this regard does not apply to exceptions. The authorities are trying to solve the problem of housing depreciation by the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow, which have come to an old state.
To the pain of all the familiar five-story "Khrushchev" inFor many decades, the city's landscapes of the capital were adorned. They were built in the middle of the last century and captured a huge territory.
A distinctive feature of such housing -small rooms, thin walls without proper sound insulation and combined bathrooms. These parameters are no longer quoted today. Moreover, they are officially recognized as unsuitable for life, implying a minimum level of comfort.
It is for this reason that the problem of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow is ripe. The beginning of this epic was laid back in 1998, and the final stage is expected to be completed in the next two years.
Under this name is known adopted at the endlast century municipal Moscow program, whose task - to demolish obsolete houses and provide the former owners with a new modern living space. This program was launched in 2011.
In connection with the huge number of Khrushchev'sthe moment had to be planned for a long enough period of time. In the official list of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow, concerning emergency and dilapidated housing, there were originally 1,722 houses. The dates of construction of each of them are between 1955 and 1969.
В настоящее время "в живых" осталось менее tenth of the said amount. The final stage of the program for the plan is for the period 2017-2018. During this time, the last five or six dozen ill-fated "Khrushchev" will be demolished.
The main places where the demolition of five-story buildings is plannedMoscow, - ZAO, SAO, SWAO, VAO, SZAO. The majority is located on the streets of the north-western autonomous region. Addresses of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow for the next two years are already known. You can familiarize with them on the official website of the program.
The financing of the event is mainlystate, but the participation of private sponsors is also traced. The number of objects to be worked on at the last stage of the program (in the next 2 years), includes a number of relatively "fresh" five-story buildings, the years of construction - from 1960 to 1975.
By its constructive implementation of the differences withmentioned above they do not have, but due to the later commissioning time the status of emergency homes is not yet threatened. More recently, the authorities planned to exploit such buildings further.
Moreover, serious discussion wasan exotic project on the construction of additional upper floors in such houses. But in reality the plans had to be adjusted. The project did not find support from residents and showed its full financial and material and technical inconsistency.
The cost of such a major reconstruction,according to specialists, it turned out to be approximately the same order as the cost of demolishing obsolete housing and building a new house. The demolition of the "unbearable" five-story building in Moscow was still approved. In addition to "Khrushchev", the list of houses subject to it until the end of 2018 included residential buildings with a height of 1-4 floors, which also received emergency status.
In terms of the demolition of the five-story building in Moscow,that the bulk of the work at the end of the last period (2017-2018) will be in the current 2017. The following is yet to complete all additional work on the implementation of the program.
The immediate procedure for the demolition of houses isonly part of the above program. The main task, much more costly and serious in its content, is to relocate former residents from dilapidated and emergency fund buildings to the conditions of new comfortable apartments. In this connection, it is necessary to mention the concept of the so-called wave development - the method by which the costly and time-consuming resettlement procedure is planned.
This option is recognized as the best solution to the problem of moving. It consists of a number of stages, which are as follows:
When building a new residential area is necessaryprovide all the required infrastructure. It is primarily about child care facilities (schools in kindergartens), then - about medical and other important infrastructure facilities. Around the built houses must be provided parking spaces for cars, as well as provided with all necessary communications.
Practice shows that the wave construction methodestablished himself in the best possible way. Its use meets the interests of both construction companies and those people who are to relocate. At the same time, cases of residents' dissatisfaction with the ongoing reforms for a variety of reasons are not excluded.
In such a case, provided for publicdiscussion with the possibility of citizens to express their accumulated claims and resolve urgent conflicts. Actively expressed arguments of the disgruntled, backed by reasonable arguments, in some cases led to quite serious changes in the original draft.
And yet, what served as the basis of what was accepted by the authorities?decisions to start the program? The plan for the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow was developed on the basis of data provided by economists regarding the feasibility of an overhaul of such housing. According to the findings of experts, this process seems unprofitable. Estimated costs for repairing obsolete morally and physically five-story buildings will not give the expected result.
The very planning of such housing, along withmaterial and design features does not allow to speak about the possibility to establish in their walls a fundamentally new level of comfort for those living in them. Specialists pointed out that one of the reasons for the inappropriateness of a major overhaul is their layout, in which communications are carried out inside the walls and are practically not replaceable. That is, deciding to overhaul, the authorities one way or another would have to attend to the issue of resettlement of residents at least for a while.
At the same time, the vast majority of objects of thisthe housing stock has practically turned out to be unsuitable for any measures for repair and restoration. Constructed over 60 years ago, they were calculated for a period of residence not exceeding 25 or 30 years.
In the released in the circulation of houses still livesabout 1.6 million inhabitants. Mayor of the capital Sergei Sobyanin announced the decision to complete the last stage of the program over the next two years. Most of the houses were successfully eliminated, residents received new comfortable housing.
Главной проблемой, которую предстояло решить program developers, has become the budget side of things. Will the city authorities pull this considerable financial burden? Is it possible to attract serious investors to the question?
In the early stages of the program was implementedmainly due to funds raised. Now the lion's share of the costs of the demolition of five-story building in Moscow fell on the shoulders of the state. Over 1000 houses out of the total number (and there are more than 1700 of them) were settled at the expense of the treasury. The mayor of the city said that about 160 thousand Moscow families had the opportunity to change their physically and morally obsolete living space for comfortable new apartments.
