The State Museum-Reserve Tarkhany is not only one of the most picturesque places in Russia, but also an outstanding cultural and historical monument.
Lermontov in Tarkhany lucky enough to spendmuch of your life. Here he took the first step, said the first word, wrote the first children's poems. It is in Tarkhany, in the patrimonial crypt, his body rests.
Mikhail Yurievich lived a short but bright life:the poet died in a duel from the bullet of the cunning and embittered Nikolai Martynov. Despite the short time allotted, only 27 years (3 (15) October 1814 - 15 (27) July 1841), Mikhail Yuryevich showed himself to be a multilaterally developed, many-sided personality. Beautiful poems, prose and dramatic works carry a deep meaning, which was unknown to the writer in his youthful years.
He wrote the first Russian socio-psychological and philosophical novel "Hero of Our Time", which is familiar to every Russian schoolchild.
The writer's biography is filled with constant traveling, traveling, and sometimes forced wanderings.
The first move took place when LermontovIt was only six months. The family of young Mikhail moved from General Toll’s Moscow home to the grandmother’s family estate, located in the village of Lermontovo, Penza Region. It is here that is unique in its kind, "home", non-military monument to Lermontov.
In Tarkhany writer received his primary education.The lessons were held at home, because, according to the recollections of the grandmother, E. A. Arsenyeva, the boy grew painful and weak. Due to poor health in adolescence, he was often taken to the Caucasus for treatment.
In 1830 he entered the moral-politicalDepartment of Moscow University. In 1832, he entered the School of Guards Sub-ensigns and Cavalry Junkers. The title of the cornet of the Life Guards of the Hussar Regiment was received in November 1834.
В феврале 1837 года из-за неугодного the government of the poem "Death of a Poet" Michael was exiled to the Caucasus. Thanks to the grandmother’s efforts, the link did not last a year, but only a few months. However, even a short stay there radically changed the principles of the poet’s perception of nature and life. Begins the path of Lermontov as a writer and painter.
Secondary reference to the Caucasus (1840) took place after a duel with the son of the French ambassador. The quarrel with Ernest de Barant was largely due to an unfortunate misunderstanding. Someone informed the ardent Frenchman that he was the target of ridicule in one of the epigrams of Mikhail Lermontov. Duelists parted, not shedding a drop of blood.
The link that followed the skirmish with Barant was significantly different from the first: instead of folklore, fighting, instead of romantic moods, cold-blooded composure and courage.
Winter 1840-1841became for Mikhail Yuryevich a period of unfulfilled dreams. Arriving in St. Petersburg, he wanted to resign, to devote himself entirely to literary work, but did not dare to ignore the opinion of his grandmother. Maria Pavlovna from early childhood saw the great future of Michael. And it was connected with military affairs. Returning to the regiment, Lermontov met A. G. Remy (a former colleague), who presented him with a cigarette case. It became a memorable and valuable exhibit in the museum-reserve located in Tarkhany, there is also a monument to Lermontov.
Tarkhany became the last refuge of the writer after the unfortunate and tragic end of the duel with Nikolai Martynov.
The first burial was made onPyatigorsk cemetery on July 17, 1841, but thanks to the efforts of Maria Pavlovna, the poet's grandmother, Lermontov's body was transported to the family estate. Mikhail Yuryevich's soul found peace after being buried in the family chapel on April 23, 1842.
Dozens of creations of human hands helpto preserve the memory of the work and personality of M. Yu. Lermontov. One of these works is a monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany. The writing of the writer Valery Kanonov briefly considers all the memorial plaques and monuments in honor of the poet. Written work for the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of Mikhail Yuryevich.
In memory of Lermontov created numerousplaques, busts, museums, reserves, and house museums. All of them are associated with significant places for him: Stavropol Territory (Zheleznovodsk, Lermontov, Stavropol, Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk), Moscow and Moscow Oblast (Serednikovo Estate), Penza and Penza Oblast (Kamenka), St. Petersburg, Krasnodar Territory ( Kuban, Taman, Gelendzhik), the Chechen Republic (cities of Chechnya, Porabot, Grozny), Vladikavkaz (North Ossetia), Kabardino-Balkaria (Terek, Nalchik), Voronezh, Tver region (Vyshny Volochyok), Rostov-on- Don, Novgorod the Great, Volgodonsk (Rostov region), There Bov, Kusarami (Azerbaijan), Tbilisi (Georgia), Tarkhans and even China.
Бескрайние поля и леса, извилистые речки, shady groves - this all surrounded Mikhail Yuryevich since childhood. Here the writer first fell in love. Subsequently, he wrote: "Who will believe me that I knew love, having 10 years of age?"
Years later, the manor’s estate was transformed into the State Lermontov Museum (1939). After another 30 years, he changed his status to the Tarkhany State Museum Reserve.
Музей-заповедник композиционно можно разделить на three expositions: the manor house, the church of Michael the Archangel and the manor of Apaliha A separate stage of the excursion is a stop under the shady trees near the road. Here, not far from the manor house, on June 9, 1985, a monument to Lermontov was erected.
Tarkhany memorable for posterity, not only as a placerest of the poet and writer, but also as an example of unlimited love for a small country. Mikhail Yuryevich was often inspired by the nature and customs of people living in the village of Lermontovo:
... I love my motherland
And more than many: among its fields
There is a place where I began to know sorrow;
There is a place where I will rest ...
Among the Lermontov monuments are two that are created and designed by one sculptor - O. Komov.
The first statue was erected in 1981 in collaboration with architects Y. Penkov and N. Kovalchuk. The monument is located in the city of Lermontov, Stavropol Territory.
The sculptor O. Komov and his wife designed the second monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany.
The photo clearly shows that it is this creation of his mind and hands that is most close to the people: ordinary clothes, ease of posture and thoughtful look.
Its exact location - StateTarkhany Museum-Reserve of the Penza Region. However, the monument does not exist in a single copy: a similar monument was installed in the Park “Museon” in Moscow.
1985 was marked by the creation of sculpture,which perpetuated the writer in the image of a thinking, thinking and inspired person. Earlier, Mikhail Yuryevich was depicted in the guise of a hussar, a military man, that is why the monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany is unique. In addition, it feels the connection of the poet with his native lands.
Tarkhans left an indelible mark on the work of the prose writer, poet and playwright. Very often, he turns to sweetheart places in his works.
Michael's worldview was beginning to form onexpanses of family estate in the village Tarkhany. Nature, the people living here, became the source and inspiration for many of his works. For example, the novel "Vadim" is an echo of the Pugachev rebellion, which also affected the Penza province.
Tarkhany is a memorable family corner with which Mikhail Yuryevich’s half-short life is connected. Perhaps that is why from the local monument breathes home warmth, tranquility and peace.
Monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany sculptor createdtogether with his wife and a wonderful architect Nina Ivanovna Komova. The image of the writer, created by the spouses, harmoniously fits into the environment: the relationship between the serenity of nature and the relaxed posture of Mikhail Yuryevich indirectly indicates the significant role that Tarkhans played in the playwright's life.
What is a monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany for museum visitors? Pictures illustrating the environment and the monument itself will help answer this question.
If you look from afar, you may feel that in the shade of the branchy bushes there is a living person who just decided to take some time off after a walk.
Немаленькую роль в создании образа имеют детали bronze sculpture. Unlike the rest of the monuments, the monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany shows not an official military, but an ordinary person, in which there is an inseparable connection with nature, native spaces. This idea pushes us simple everyday clothes, in which the writer is dressed, and a serene facial expression.
Monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany not mentionedonly in scientific articles, but also in travel sketches of ordinary inhabitants. You can find a lot of laudatory reviews about visiting the museum-reserve. But the individual emotions in all causes the monument to Lermontov himself in Tarkhany.
Описание монумента всегда сводится к одному:thinking, but serene look, calm posture and slightly sad eyes. What is the poet sad about, sitting on a bench in a place dear to the heart: that he lived so little, or that he died far from home? Unfortunately, we will never know about it ...
