Museum "Underground printing house 1905-1906 years."Is one of the branches of the State Museum of Contemporary History of Russia. The opening of the institution took place on the territory of Moscow in 1924. The place for the creation of the museum was chosen as an ordinary residential building with three floors, the museum is located on the first floor.
In the territory of the modern museum in 1905 wasAn illegal printing house was established, the purpose of which was the production of social-democratic newspapers and leaflets. The opening of the printing house took place on the outskirts of Moscow in an apartment building, owned by a merchant and master of coach affairs, KM. Kolupayev. To cover up the activities of the printing house, a small store was created in the house, which attracted buyers by a signboard about the wholesale trade of Caucasian fruits. While the upper part of the house was a place for selling fruit, a small "cave" was dug in the basement in which a portable printing press was placed.
The owner of the store was officially MarianKalandadze, a port loader who had extensive trading experience, but far from pure reputation. On behalf of Kalandadze, Silovan Kobidze, who was a revolutionary and an active participant in all kinds of strikes, was engaged in trading in a hidden printing house. He lived in the store with his wife and little daughter.
To hide their activities, the undergroundIt was necessary to buy fruit from other suppliers, as a result of which the store brought only one loss. But the printing press was very successful, although it was directly connected with great risks, as there was a police station near the building of the shop and the printing house, and law enforcement agencies patrolled the street every day.
When the government learned of the existence of thisa large number of police officers were assigned to her search. But to reveal the location of the institution was not possible, a year later it was decided to close the printing house, and the printing press was transported to the new building.
In 1922 the former location of the printing houserecalled VN Sokolov, who previously held the post of head of the Transport Technical Bureau of the RSDLP, who brought the idea of creating a museum on the site of the former printing organization. Within 2 years there was a restoration of the building, and in 1924 the first museum dedicated to the political history of Russia during the first Russian revolution was opened. An interesting fact is that the initiators of the opening of the museum were exactly those people who had previously worked in it.
Since the opening of the museum "Underground printing house1905-1906 "included a restored store room, a cellar and directly the printing house itself. At the same time, all visitors of that time unanimously asserted that it was necessary to evict the tenants (the remaining premises of the house remained residential) and increase the number of rooms in the museum, but the museum leaders decided not to take such cardinal decisions.
In the 50-ies of the XX century. in the possession of the museum moved room and kitchen, formerly owned by Silovan Kobidze.
The Museum of Underground Printing (Moscow) is representedin the form of a number of rooms facing the street, among which there is a basement, an entrance hall, a living room, a kitchen. A special role is played by the original shop window of the former shop, which in 1927 was reconstructed by ND Vinogradov. The interior of rooms completely corresponds to the model of living conditions of Moscow citizens and includes elements of Georgian life.
Inside the museum "Underground printing house 1905-1906." There is a typical Russian oven and a large number of kitchen utensils.
The basement, where the printing house was previously located, showsa warehouse with boxes and barrels, which are filled with fruit and cheese, and below these barrels are located here issued leaflets and newspapers. In turn, the printing house, in which the printing press is located, is located in a well, designed for water drainage. People in that room are not allowed, but the interior present there can be seen through the window created in the basement wall.
At the box office, where tickets are now sold to the museum, you can see a number of photos, as well as documents that describe in detail the history of the printing house, and then the museum.
To date, the museum still continuesits activities, it is possible to get to it with the help of the metro station, going to the station "Belorusskaya" or "Mendeleyevskaya". Next, you can walk to Lesnaya Street, 55. This is the address of the museum.
In the museum there are two excursions:
In the underground printing shop (the nearest metro -Belorusskaya or Mendeleevskaya stations) can be accessed from the yard on Tuesday, Wednesday Friday and Sunday from 10 am to 6 pm, and on Thursday and Saturday from 11 am to 7 pm. Monday is the day off.
In addition, in the museum "Underground printing 1905-1906 biennium" (Lesnaya, 55) all kinds of exhibitions and meetings devoted to contemporary writers are held.
The cost of a ticket to the museum depends on age:
Excursions in the museum "Underground printing house 1905-1906." Paid.
Throughout its existence, the museum building "Underground printing house 1905-1906" several times fell into various films, here are the main ones:
The first and last films are shown in the museum, and visitors have the opportunity to see them.
We did not ignore the clandestine printing house, and, accordingly, the modern museum and representatives of literature.
N.N. Popov, published under a pseudonym Deer Foggy, in 1928, released an adventure novel entitled "The Mystery of the Old House", in which the details of the history of the establishment of the printing house and its activities were told with particular detail.
In his novel "Love of Electricity" V.P. Aksyonov also mentioned an underground Moscow printing house, but he only gave her one chapter entitled "A Quiet Evening in Georgians".
The underground printing house was mentioned even infantastic works, for example, in 1992 Kir Bulychev in a fantastic novel called "Reserve for Academics" tells about an alternative reality.
The popularity of an underground printing press is so great,that in 2015 the State Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia launched the project "Virtual Museum". The history of the former printing plant formed the basis of the quest game "Get out of the ground", which includes as many as three storylines.
Despite the great popularity of the undergrounda printing house located on the territory of Moscow, in no case should we forget about another similar organization operating on the territory of the city of Perm. The house-museum "Underground printing house" has the address: Monastyrskaya street, 142.
Today in the territory of the printing house alsoThere is a museum that looks like an obscure house. Unlike the Moscow printing house, which was housed in a merchant's dwelling, a house for ordinary workers was chosen in Perm to house the printing house.
The owner of the dwelling was a machinist of steamers of the Tiuns.The man practically did not go to the house because of constant business trips, therefore, to support it in a residential condition, the house handed over to the tenants. Once again renting their homes, Tiunov could not even imagine that it was here that underground activities would boil.
The initiator of the creation of an underground printing house in 1906became Ya.M. Sverdlov. Participants in the underground managed to issue a huge number of leaflets, until in June of the same year the location of the printing house was not found. The participants of the underground were very risky, renting a room for creating leaflets two blocks before the police station, and this risk was unjustified - all the underground members were arrested.
House-museum "Underground printing house" (Monastyrskaya,142) is in a small house made of wood, it is adjacent to the same small piece of land. The house consists of three small rooms.
After examining the canopy, you can go to the kitchen-hallway, and then into the room, which is designed exactly the same way, when a machine for printing leaflets and newspapers was placed here.
Today the museum gives its visitors the opportunity to see the typographic machine, several types of fonts, rollers, corners for typing fonts and leaflets.
Today the museum of an underground printing house located in Perm, also functions.
He works five days a week except on Sundays and Mondays.
You can reach it by the following means of transport:
The entrance to the museum of the underground printing house is paid.
On the territory of the country there were several underground printing houses, which have not yet become museums.
Visiting the above-mentioned historical monuments gives visitors the opportunity not only to plunge into the atmosphere of the beginning of the 20th century, but also to see a lot of interesting things.
