Political view is the factor,which ensures order and integrity in society, the ability to come to a common denominator and move further along the path of progress. And this despite the existence of various social groups, which often have absolutely opposite interests.
That is, political views are such beliefs about facts and values that are relevant to a particular party, person or social group and represent their interests.
The individual always acts for some purpose, themore, if its actions are of a political nature. Their focus is always concrete, but not so important, whether it is participation in elections, in political actions or in government offices. The direction and methods of such actions depend on the prevailing ideas about the values and structure of society. The political views of the class, nation or individual show how they understand and interpret what is happening in reality, what roles, statuses and benefits they count on. Formed beliefs give meaning to the entire political activity of groups, parties and individuals within the values that are relevant at the moment. Thus, political views are a form that influences political behavior, and the basis on which the worldview of politics is built. All of them, one way or another, concern issues of power, authority, etc.
Political views perform two functions simultaneously:
- Integrative, which consists in rallying members, group, party, class;
- the demarcation, which consists in the separation of one group, the party from others.
Differences in the social, political, economic models of all countries are a consequence of the dominance of certain political beliefs over others. Types of political views are distinguished by two criteria:
1) According to the model of society, which is supposed to be built, there are views:
- The right;
- centrist;
- Left.
2) According to the means and methods of progress, views differ:
- radical (making a revolutionary transformation);
- Centrist (preferring the path of reform, but moderate, gradual);
- Conservative (seeking to maintain the order that has already been established).
Political views arose during the Enlightenment. The idea of progress was justified by them in different ways, therefore, the types of society that could implement these ideas were also offered different.
Right-wingers saw progress onlyin a society in which there is free competition, entrepreneurship, private property, the market. However, the set of rightist views is very heterogeneous (and so it was from the very beginning): from the ultra-right, who represent the fascists, to the liberal democrats.
Supporters of leftist views see progress inthe incessant transformation of society until social equality and justice come. They believed that a person should have all the conditions for a full-fledged development. However, the ways to achieve these values were seen by them in different ways. Thus, the Communists prefer to transform society in radical ways. Equality and justice must be achieved in an economically organized economy. Even under socialism, as the initial stage of communism, the value of public property is maintained. Social democrats and socialists, on the contrary, prefer to resort not to revolutions, but to reforms, for social transformations. Justice and equality they understand as creating the same conditions for the development of the individual at the very beginning of the life path, at the start, which, however, does not always lead to the same results.
