Россия за всю историю своего существования не раз changed political status, entering into the composition of the empire, kingdom, union, etc. If you follow the path of development of the country from ancient times to our days, you will find that scientists and craftsmen living at different times glorified the country not only in art and all sorts of sciences, but also in military affairs. A huge number of discoveries made by engineers and developers, allowed to win more than one battle. If we slightly exaggerate, we can say that gunpowder was invented in China, but it was in Russia that they learned how to use it correctly. All over the world are armed with Kalashnikov assault rifles, Makarov pistols, T-34 tanks, Dragunov sniper rifles, remote-action hand grenades (abbreviated as RGD-5), etc. All these and many other achievements of military affairs were developed and introduced it is in Russia. And only after successfully passed the tests, other countries were also able to acquire one or another firearm.
This article discusses the RGD-5 hand grenade: characteristics, device, application, development, etc.
After the victory in World War II beforeArms of the USSR, the question arose of changing weapons. In order to move forward, it was necessary to reconsider the priority directions of development of the industry and change the units used for a long time. So, instead of the RG-42 grenade, it was necessary to create a more sophisticated counterpart, which would cover some of the shortcomings of the available options. Thus, in 1950, the development of a more powerful and effective unit began. In 1954, the RGD-5 grenade entered service with the military forces of the Soviet Union, the device and characteristics of which were several times higher than the parameters of existing analogues.
This combat unit was its appearanceDistantly similar to several European models: the French OF, which went into production in 1915, the Polish Z-23 and the German M-39. RGD-5 is a grenade, mostly intended for offensive combat. However, it can also be used to defeat and stun enemy personnel and during defensive actions (in the trenches, in the forest, in settlements, etc.).
The RGD-5 grenade device is a combination of three main elements:
Let's consider each of them separately.
The RGD-5 hand grenade has a body that, with the help of a charge placed inside it, splits into the maximum possible number of fragments at its rupture. The shell of a combat unit consists of:
The upper part of the body isthe connection of three elements: the cap, its liner and tube. The latter is designed to connect the grenade and the fuse directly. Also, thanks to the tube, a charge with a tensile strength is sealed. With the help of the cuff it is attached to the cap. For more careful storage, the grenade tube is equipped with a plastic stopper, which also prevents dirt from getting inside. In terms of combat, this plug is replaced by a fuse.
In the lower part of the body is placed the pallet and its liner.
The outer shell of the grenade RGD-5 is also marked, which is applied with special black paint. The caption includes the following information:
RGD-5 - grenade, where the mechanism of explosive chargecompletely consists of an explosive material called trotyl. This substance is intended for splitting the hull of a combat unit into small parts (fragments). The explosive charge itself has a weight of 110 g, and RGD-5 weighs 315 g. The technical characteristics of the grenade are such that when a unit is brought into combat, the fragments are scattered over an area of 28 to 32 square meters. In this case, the radius of the striking particles reaches twenty meters.
Now consider the device sunk.Initially, a drive system similar to that used in the RG-42 and F-1 combat units was used to complete the RGD-5 grenade. The fuse is equipped with a powder moderator, the burning time of which is 3.2-4.2 seconds.
The body of this part of the grenade is made of metal.Inside it has a trigger mechanism. It consists of a safety lever, checks with a ring, a detonator and a drummer with a combat spring. The direction of movement of the latter is controlled by a special washer, also fixed in the case. The detonator is equipped with capsules (igniter and detonating) and a powder moderator located between them. A threaded sleeve is screwed onto the body of the fuse itself. With its help, the fuse connects to the grenade.
Let's see how the fuse works.As mentioned above, the drummer is connected to the mainspring. It is fixed with a safety lever fork. That, in turn, is in a steady state thanks to the cotter pin. Rather, it is fixed by him. The pin is a safety check that passes through the holes located in the walls of the shell of the fuse itself and in the ears of the lever. The latter is connected to the lower base of the drummer. Above it is a puck. The fighting spring rests against it with its one end. The second part of it is on top adjacent to the body washer.
After some time, the composition of a fewhave changed. His retarding element was slightly modified: it was stabilized. Since then, the fuse of the grenade became known as UZRGM-2. It also began to be used for the production of combat F-1.
For the implementation of the throw grenades RGD-5Initially, you need to remove the security check. In this case, the lever is tightly pressed to the body of military equipment and is held until the moment of throw. Next comes the spring. She turns the safety lever, freeing the drummer. That, in turn, under the influence of the spring interacts with the primer-igniter. A spark of flame from him goes to the moderator, and then, after a complete burnout, to the charge of the detonator. This leads to an explosion of a grenade.
The final weight of the RGD-5 grenade is 315 g. This small mass allows soldiers to throw units at a distance of 50 to 60 meters.
To throw a grenade, you must go through several stages:
In the military units grenades of this typeshipped in wooden cases. At the same time they have separate metal boxes, each of which contains either cases, or handles, or fuses. These containers can only be opened with a special knife, which is also supplied.
On the lids and walls of wooden boxes a special composition is applied marking, on the basis of which you can find out the following information:
It is forbidden to unpack those boxes with grenades, which are currently not planned to be used. They should be stored in the boxes created by the manufacturer.
In conditions close to the fighting, every soldierhas in his ammunition grenades RGD-5. At the same time the body itself is stored in a special bag. Fuses, each of which is wrapped in a paper or cloth wrapper, are also there, but separately from the grenades. Earlier, the soldier had to have a canvas bag with two pockets for fuses and a department for two combat units. Currently, the military prefer to wear grenades and accessories in the pockets of vests.
In tracked or wheeled combat transport(infantry fighting vehicles, self-propelled artillery, tanks, armored personnel carriers) grenades and fuses are stored separately from each other in different bags.
For excellent possession of the RGD-5 and throwing it exactly inThe goal is initially men undergo special training. In schools, in secondary and secondary special educational institutions, in universities with a military department, military schools and, of course, the army, young people are trained to use the non-combat version of a grenade called the URG-N training and imitation grenade.
Как и РГД-5, этот прототип имеет точно такие же appearance, shape, weight. Grenade URG-N does not differ from the combat version also with the rules of treatment. The process of contact of the educational analogue with the surface during the throwing is accompanied by sound and visual effects: smoke, crashing, etc. The Methodist analogue of URG-H is used repeatedly. This grenade, as well as the combat "brother", consists of a body and a fuse. The latter is an imitation of this option. Buildings URG-N and RGD-5 are almost identical. The only difference is the presence of a training grenade at the bottom of a small hole, designed to enhance the sound effect. The housing of the URG-N is painted black and has a special marking on it.
In the army of the Soviet Union grenade RGD-5, photowhich can be seen in this article, was adopted in 1954. Then, after the collapse of the great power, many CIS countries retained this combat unit in their equipment. In addition, the RGD-5 grenade is used in many foreign countries: China, India, Korea, etc.
It is noteworthy, but the production of this typeWeapons engaged in the territory of Bulgaria and Poland. Twenty years after the release of the first grenade, it was the scientists of these countries who proposed replacing the fuse with a grenade. As a result, RGD-5 received a new fuse called DVM-78, a large mass - 450 grams and a new name - RGO-78.
