Кто он: философ или учёный?Francis Bacon is a great thinker of the Renaissance of England. A versatile person, who has changed many positions, has seen several countries and expressed not one hundred clever ideas, which are guided by people and until now. The desire for knowledge and oratorical abilities of Bacon from an early age played a major role in the reformation of philosophy of that time. In particular, the scholasticism and teachings of Aristotle, which were based on cultural and spiritual values, were refuted by the empiricist Francis in the name of science. Bacon argued that only scientific and technological progress can raise civilization and thereby enrich mankind spiritually.
Bacon was born in London on January 22, 1561, inorganized by an English family. His father served at the court of Elizabeth I as the guardian of the royal press. And the mother was the daughter of Anthony Cook, who brought up King Edward VI. An educated woman, who knows ancient Greek and Latin, instilled in young Francis a love for knowledge. He grew up smart and intelligent boy, who is very interested in science.
At the age of 12, Bacon enrolled in Cambridgeuniversity. After his graduation, the philosopher travels a lot. The political, cultural and social life of France, Spain, Poland, Denmark, Germany and Sweden left their imprint in the notes on the state of Europe, written by the thinker. After the death of his father, Bacon returned to his homeland.
His political career, Francis did, whenKing James I ascended the English throne. The philosopher was also the Attorney General (1612), the Guardian of the Press (1617), and the Lord Chancellor (1618). However, the rapid takeoff ended in a rapid fall.
В 1621 году Бэкон был обвинён королём во bribery, is imprisoned (admittedly, for two days) and has been pardoned. After that, Francis's career as a politician ended. All subsequent years of his life he was engaged in science and experiments. The philosopher died in 1626 from a cold.
Bacon is the author of many works, among which:
Francis Bacon. "New Atlantis." Two terms in philosophy, which can be considered synonymous. The work though remained unfinished, but absorbed all the worldview of its author.
"New Atlantis" was published in 1627.Bacon relocates the reader to a distant island where an ideal civilization flourishes. All thanks to scientific and technical achievements, unprecedented at that time. Bacon seemed to look hundreds of years into the future, because in Atlantis you can learn about the microscope, the synthesis of living beings, as well as about curing all diseases. In addition, it has descriptions of different, not yet open, sound and hearing aids.
Островом руководит общество, объединяющее главных sages of the country. And if the predecessors of Bacon touched on the problems of communism and socialism, then this work is completely technocratic in nature.
The founder of the thinking of modern times is trulyis Francis Bacon. Philosophy of the thinker refutes scholastic teachings and puts science and knowledge first. Having learned the laws of nature and turning them to oneself for good, a person is able not only to gain power, but also to grow spiritually.
Francis noted that all the discoveries were madeaccidentally, because few people owned scientific methods and techniques. Bacon first attempted to classify science on the basis of the properties of the mind: memory is history, imagination is poetry, reason is philosophy.
The main thing on the way to knowledge must be inductivemethod and experience. All research should begin with observations, not theory. Bacon believes that only the experiment will be successful, for which constantly changing conditions, time and space, as well as circumstances. Matter must be in motion all the time.
The scientist himself and his philosophy in the end resultled to the emergence of such a concept as "empiricism": cognition lies through experience. Only having enough knowledge and experience, you can count on the results in your activity.
Bacon identifies several ways of obtaining knowledge:
It is not always easy to learn new things. Bacon in his teachings speaks of obstacles-ghosts. They prevent you from adjusting your mind and thoughts. There are obstacles that are congenital and acquired.
Congenital: "ghosts of the genus" and "ghosts of the cave" - so they are classified by the philosopher himself. "Ghosts of the Kind" - the culture of a man hinders knowledge. "Ghosts of the cave" - the knowledge is hampered by the influence of specific people.
Purchased:"Ghosts of the market" and "ghosts of the theater." The first implies the misuse of words and definitions. The person perceives everything literally, and this prevents correct thinking. The second obstacle is the influence on the process of knowledge of the existing philosophy. Only having renounced from the old one can comprehend the new. Based on the old experience, letting it through your thoughts, people are able to achieve success.
Some great people - after centuries - spawn others. Bacon Francis is an expressionist artist of our time, as well as a distant descendant of the philosopher-thinker.
Francis artist honored the works of his ancestor, hein every way he followed his instructions, left in "smart" books. Francis Bacon, whose biography ended not long ago, in 1992, had a great influence on the world. And when the philosopher did this in words, his distant grandson - in paints.
For his unconventional orientation, Francis Jr.was driven out of the house. Roaming in France and Germany, he successfully got to the exhibition of paintings by Picasso in 1927. She had a huge impact on the guy. Bacon returns to his native London, where he acquires a small garage-workshop and begins to create.
Francis Bacon is considered one of the darkestartists of our time. His paintings are vivid proof of this. Blurred, despairing faces and silhouettes are oppressive, but at the same time they make you think about the meaning of life. Indeed, in each person there are hidden such blurred faces and roles that he uses for different occasions.
Despite its gloom, paintings enjoyvery popular. The great connoisseur of the art of Bacon - Roman Abramovich. At the auction, he bought the canvas "Landmark of the canonical XX century" worth 86.3 million dollars!
Philosophy is the eternal science of eternal values.Anyone who is able to think a little is a “little” philosopher. Bacon recorded his thoughts always and everywhere. And a lot of his quotes people use every day. Bacon surpassed even the greatness of Shakespeare. So it was considered by his contemporaries.
Francis Bacon. Quotes for a note:
Power is knowledge.Only by abstracting from everything and everything, passing your experience and the experience of your predecessors through your own mind, can you comprehend the truth. It is not enough to be a theorist, you need to become a practitioner! Do not be afraid of criticism and condemnation. And who knows, maybe the biggest discovery is yours!
