As early as 1902 in Paris was first releaseda legal act related to the protection of wildlife - a convention that regulated the protection of birds used in agriculture. The issue of ecology is particularly acute in our life. But the problem has been around for a long time. Therefore, many nations decided to meet and create international agreements on protection environment. Examples of some of them are given in this article.
The members of the convention continued to meet regularly in thedifferent countries of the world to review and expand measures to protect resources. In 1987, the Canadian city of Regina (Saskatchewan province) was amended.
Agreement on the maintenance of biologicaldiversity was adopted in Rio de Janeiro on June 5, 1992. This multilateral treaty has several main objectives that are included in other international agreements on environmental protection. Examples of these objectives:
In other words, the object of the agreement isdevelopment of national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. This convention is also included in international agreements on environmental protection, examples of which are in the article. 2010 was declared the International Year of Biodiversity.
The Helsinki Convention was adopted to protectmarine environment in the Baltic Sea. The first international agreements on environmental protection in its framework were signed in 1974 by countries such as Denmark, Finland, West and East Germany, Poland, the USSR and Sweden, and entered into force on May 3, 1980. The second convention was signed in 1992 Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, the European Union, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Sweden. The participating countries that have adopted international agreements on environmental protection have committed themselves to organize all necessary measures to prevent and reduce pollution in order to help in restoring the ecological balance of the Baltic Sea. A number of measures have also been developed to prevent or minimize damage to the environment of the accident.
The Convention was signed in 2001 inStockholm, and entered into force in May 2004. Its purpose was to eliminate or reduce the production of these pollutants. The key positions of this agreement on environmental protection include the requirements for developed countries to provide additional financial resources and measures to eliminate the production and use of deliberately produced POPs, as well as the elimination of unintentionally produced POPs where possible and the competent destruction of waste.
This agreement, which was signed by more than 180was adopted at the Earth Summit in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro and entered into force on March 21, 1994. The Framework Convention is an international environmental treaty (currently it is the only international climate policy treaty with broad legitimacy), discussed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). Its goal is to establish a stable level of greenhouse gas concentrations, which will prevent dangerous anthropogenic impact on the climate system. The contract itself does not set mandatory limits on greenhouse gas emissions for individual countries and does not contain any coercive mechanisms. In a legal sense, a convention is not considered mandatory. Instead, a contract is the basis for creating a special document that contains specific international agreements on environmental protection (the so-called protocols), with which you can set mandatory limits on greenhouse gas emissions.
After signing the UNFCCC participating countriesgathered at conferences to discuss how to achieve the objectives of the treaty. Further discussions led to the creation of the Kyoto Protocol. It is also part of international environmental agreements and sets emission reduction targets for developed countries that are binding under international law.
It was the first multilateral agreement indisarmament areas banning the production of a whole category of weapons. The Convention was the result of a long-term work of the international community to create a new document that could complement the Geneva Protocol of 1925 (which, in turn, prohibits only the use, but not the possession of chemical and biological weapons or their distribution). The draft BWC, submitted by the British, was signed on April 10, 1972 and entered into force on March 26, 1975. It obliges 172 state parties to ban the development, production and stockpiling of biological and toxin weapons as of December 2014. However, the absence of any formal control regime limits the effectiveness of the Convention. In brief about the content of this agreement we can say the following:
This document is also included in internationalenvironmental agreements. According to the charter, the prosecution, hunting, catching, catching, killing or selling of birds included in it (migratory birds) is declared illegal. The charter does not specify differences between live and dead birds, and also applies to feathers, eggs and nests. The list includes more than 800 species.
Sites is a convention signed in 1973.in Washington and entered into force on July 1, 1975, concerning the trade in representatives of wild flora and fauna, which are now threatened with extinction. This is one of the most extensive and oldest agreements in history. This international convention regulates and controls the trade in certain species of animals and plants. A special licensing system was developed that controls all imports, exports and re-exports. Each party to the Convention must create one (or more) management body that would be responsible for managing this licensing system, as well as at least one scientific body to advise on the impact of trade on specific species of the animal or plant world. Approximately 5,000 animal species and 29,000 plant species are under the protection of the Sites. Each of these can be found in the Annex to the convention, as well as the degree of threat and limits to trade.
The necessary measures are being taken in our country.to maintain ecological balance. Russia, like other countries, actively supports international agreements on environmental protection. Examples include the following: since 1979, the convention on air pollution (transboundary), since 1992, the convention protecting the Black Sea from pollution, from 2011 on organic pollutants, and many others.
