When the era of gasification came, Russian furnacesconsumers were perceived by consumers as a relic of the past. Innovations in their decoration were almost not developed, but in vain. The furnace acts as a reliable source of heat, it can work regardless of power outages, among other things, it is not affected by the cost of energy. Recently there has been a reassessment of values, the services of stove workers are becoming popular, the forgotten secrets of furnishing furnaces are being restored. If you also decided to revive an old stove or plaster a new one, you should choose the right mortar, since the requirements for finishing materials in this case are quite high. Facing in the process of operation will be constantly exposed to high temperatures. The selected stucco for the stoves must be environmentally friendly, elastic and have good thermal conductivity.
When plastering ovens is used todayspecial compositions that differ from traditional cement-sand mortars that are suitable for plastering house walls, as an example, clay plaster can be considered, the features of its preparation are described below.
The need for special solutionsis due to the fact that the furnace masonry will expand and contract under the influence of temperatures. That is why it is important to use such a mixture, which will be characterized by elasticity, and also will not hamper the rapid warming up of the room.
In order to give such qualities to the composition, the following should be added to the ingredients:
When mixing the mixture,simple clay and fairly complex solutions that you can prepare yourself. Some get them ready. If you choose a solution for stoving the stove, you can consider several of its varieties, to prepare the first one should prepare one part of the clay, two parts of sand and 0.1 part of the asbestos. The second kind of composition is prepared from one part of clay and the same volume of lime, as well as two parts of sand and asbestos in the same volume that was mentioned above.
To prepare the third version of the compositionit is necessary to use two parts of lime, one part of sand and gypsum, as well as 0.2 parts of asbestos. The fourth option is clay plaster, which has the following proportions: clay, cement, sand and asbestos should be combined in a ratio of 1: 1: 2: 0.1.
If you prepare a solution for plasteringfurnace, it is important to take into account the fat content of clay. If the fat parameter is low or too high, the ratio of the components may vary. The fatter this ingredient, the greater the amount of sand required. Mixing the components is necessary for the same technology, first of all, the dry components must arrive in the container, then a solution of lime or clay is added.
In order to increase the strength, the bucketof clay-sand mortar, 200 g of salt should be added. When using the solution, when 1 part of cement or clay is added to two parts of sand, it is necessary to work out the composition as quickly as possible, since an hour after cooking the stucco will turn out to be unusable. When buying cement, you should choose one that has the brand M-400 or M-500. Using clay, water and sand, it is necessary to knead a thick dough, afterwards asbestos cement is introduced. When water is added, the ingredients are well mixed, the solution should be creamy in density.
Before the furnace is finished,any composition it is necessary to add an astringent aggregate, which may be lime or cement. When using a high-strength mixture on the basis of gypsum, one thing should be considered, which is the rapid drying of the mixture. This will only happen within 6 minutes, and in half an hour the composition will be already unfit for use.
The basis is most often usedgypsum or natural clay. In the role of filler, any material that is available at a cost or left after a basic construction can be used. This should include:
When gypsum is used as the main raw material, the following proportions can be adhered to: 1 part of gypsum, 0.2 parts of fiberglass, 2 parts of lime and 1 part of sand.
Furnish finishing should be carried out only after the preparation of a certain set of tools. Before starting work, you must prepare:
The capacity is needed to mix the plaster,While a drill with a nozzle can be used as a mixer. Prepare a brush and grater, as well as emery of different granularity. These tools will be needed to treat the plaster surface after it dries. When buying nails, you should give preference to those that have a length of 5 cm.
If you have already decided what to stove the oven, thenyou can start preparatory work. To ensure that the solution does not peel off over time and does not become covered with cracks, and also looks attractive, it is necessary to follow certain instructions during the work. The roughing base is cleaned, dust and dirt should be removed from it, updating the coating and removing the remnants of the old material. The sutures are cleared 10 mm deep, and then nails are driven in at the seams, the distance between them should be 15 cm. Above the surface they should rise by 1/4 of the length.
Before the stucco is carried out,The surface must be covered with a primer, and after leaving the structure until the solution dries. The oven is heated, and then the plaster mixture is prepared taking into account the chosen proportions. At a time, you should prepare a volume of the mixture that you will have time to use before it solidifies. The surface is wetted with a float or a brush, and then the plaster grid is laid.
Plaster for furnaces is applied in a thickness of 0.5 cmon the grid. It is recommended to use a trowel or grater, one of which is pre-wetted in water. This layer will strengthen the grid, and as an alternative solution you can fix it with nails at the seams. Next, a technical break must be maintained until the mixture solidifies. The thickness of the second layer should be 1 cm or less, it should be left to set, but not until it is completely solidified.
The plaster is wetted with water, which will allowAlign all irregularities with sandpaper or a float. The coating should be checked for cracks and chips. If they appeared, then you need to expand the cracks, treat them with water and fill with a solution. Grounding should be done after the surface has dried.
The stucco is applied in the directiontop down. For the first layer it is necessary to prepare a solution of a more liquid consistency, whereas for the second layer it is thick. Nails will become beacons for orientation along the thickness of the layer and uniformity of distribution of the mixture.
If the furnaces work without strong differencestemperature, it is perfectly possible to use for the plastering mixture prepared independently. If you notice that cracks have gone over the surface after a while, then you should get a ready-made compound that can tolerate temperatures up to 200 °. The advantage of such materials is the heat transfer, which at times exceeds this characteristic for clay solutions.
Application is made according to the abovetechnology, pre-furnace treated with a heat-resistant primer. For plastering, it is best to use a reinforcing mesh with square cells, the side of which is 2 cm or less. Heat-resistant plaster for furnaces is applied in 2 layers, the main one should be thicker than sour cream, and apply it for spraying. Its application is made with a brush for better adhesion of materials.
When preparing the main solution, do not mix a large volume, since if the composition hardens in a bucket, it will not be possible to use it.
