In the history and culture of any people,the foundation for patriotic education of the younger generation. The problem will not lose its relevance for a long time. So the person is arranged. For the harmonious development of the personality, it is extremely important to understand your place, purpose, mission within the time frame of your biological existence. All these reflections will inevitably lead to arguments about patriotism, the Motherland and all that is associated with it. However, without an understanding of the basic principles, such reasoning can lead very far, therefore, the issue of correct patriotic upbringing of children has been and is being paid quite close attention. Sometimes this led to excesses.
A brief definition of this term means a certaina moral principle that demands unconditionally love their homeland, the people and, if necessary, give their lives, defending the formed way for centuries. This definition also implies its own identification with other members of the people in which the individual was born. Pride in history, culture. In everyday life, patriotism has few manifestations. Its importance and role increase only in especially difficult times (wars, cataclysms). It is rather a rush of special sacrifice, rallying and feeling part of something big, great.
One of the first forms of such manifestation isname polisnost or polisny patriotism. It has been known since antiquity by the example of ancient Greek cities and states at the same time. As an example, the policy is the state of Athens.
Imperial. Quite an interesting type of this phenomenon. Here, a key unifying role for all living peoples is performed by a person of the ruler.
Nationalism (ethnicity).At the core lies the love and adoration of its ethnos and culture, while representatives of other nations are downgraded or hostile, even if they live in one state, being its citizens.
State patriotism is respect, supportstate system of power. Peoples can be different in ethnicity, religion. However, all citizens feel themselves full-fledged members of society, united due to various institutions of state power.
Ur-patriotism. Hypertrophic sense of love for the state.
As can be seen from all of the above, such an abundance of different forms requires treating the issue of patriotic upbringing of children very seriously. Here, ambiguous interpretations and uncertainties are inappropriate.
Glory of the Spartans rattled all over Hellas.Being a state with one of the strongest armies in that era, Sparta attached great importance to the training and education of the younger generation. Children were taken away from their parents as soon as they were six years old.
Military-patriotic education Spartanyouth was the work of the whole community. Too many external threats existed, and the local population of helots who were slaves, who were the property of the state, also needed to be monitored. Having chosen this path of development, Sparta subdued the life of all its citizens to military needs.
Approximately from 14 years the teenagers consisting in detachments(agels), began to take part in night punitive actions (kriptiyah) against the local population. The Spartans feared the helots, believing that the night raids on their villages would not only suppress any desire for resistance, but would also give an excellent opportunity to get the first combat experience to underprivileged people. In fact, agels are the first terrorist organization in the history of mankind.
Such a "patriotic upbringing" was attempted to revive the Nazis of Germany. What has happened is known.
In modern society, the approach to educationpatriotic feelings has changed. Children are the most curious creatures in the world. They willingly go on contact and very thinly feel the boundaries of what is happening around. They have a lot of questions that sometimes irritate adults. It is important to show patience in pedagogical activity. Love for the Motherland is transformed from love to its small homeland. Therefore, it is so important to plant and nurture interest in one's roots, native places.
In addition, patriotic educationPreschoolers also include the formation of tolerance for other peoples and their traditions. This is the foundation of value guidelines for the subsequent harmonious development of the individual.
It is understood that the presence of patriotismassumes the active role of the individual in various socio-cultural relations of society. Such an individual is not an outside observer, but the most active participant in all the processes taking place in his state. This should happen naturally, flowing out of convictions and personal positions on a particular issue.
The appearance of such qualities is possible only if there isthe authority of adults in children who are very sensitive to any falsity. A sense of responsibility for oneself, one's destiny and life, without separating it from one's own people, also does not appear from scratch. Only the actions and concrete actions of all adults are able to sow the seeds of good in the soul of the child.
It is necessary to highlight and briefly characterize the most promising areas of moral and patriotic education of children. Their main goals and tasks will be described.
Основной целью является не только укрепление, prevention of physical health with obtaining certain useful skills. Along the way, the child develops an understanding of the conduct of a healthy lifestyle and the presence in it of competition, a struggle that is so necessary for any personal growth. Having grown up, such a person takes for granted the existence of confrontation in any sphere of life. His natural response will be the mobilization of all resources in order to become better in the chosen field.
Формирует четкую гражданскую позицию с willingness to volunteer for their country. Emphasis is placed on the development of law-abiding, the adoption of rules, norms, laws of the state. Willingness to fulfill their civic duty. The basis for this kind of education is already established between the citizen and the state legal framework. It ensures the realization of the fundamental rights and freedoms of the citizen.
Высшая форма патриотического воспитания the younger generation, based on a clear understanding, understanding the need to master applied skills to protect their state. It is based on the military traditions inherent in this people and a sense of pride in its Armed Forces, military history, etc. It is this direction that gives the most complete picture of the hardships of serving in the army, allowing the young man to seriously think about the career of a military man.
Heroic-patriotic education is necessarycomponent of the pedagogical process, the purpose of which is aimed at developing among young people a sense of pride in their people. As an example, present the biographies of his glorious representatives, significant events and memorable dates. For a sample, you can take the restoration of some heroic battle.
The child’s perception is dramatically different froman adult. At the service, perception has a bright visualization, emotionality. The reaction to significant events stormy. For the successful assimilation of information it is necessary that it become meaningful. When studying the history of the teacher asked the student to make his family tree. You can cope with this task only by connecting adults from your family. Their stories will help the student to perceive those historical events, of which his relatives were participants and witnesses.
The most important source of information onheroic events are veterans. Communication with them causes a sense of pride among schoolchildren for their people and the values of the Victory. This is exactly what patriotic education in schools is directed at.
Social environment plays an equally important role inthe emergence of feelings of love for the motherland. It is a behavior, and children are the best imitators in the world, from whose eyes not a single nuance will be hidden. Loosened principles, the reappraisal of spiritual values always negatively affect the life of the whole society. The most unprotected in this situation is again the younger generation, in dire need of examples to follow.
The collapse of the USSR affected all spheres of life.once fraternal republics. Unfortunately, many of the achievements of Soviet pedagogy, which is not the worst in the world, have been lost. Everyone so passionately branded the ideology, destroyed, reformed the system of education and upbringing. Thanks to all these actions, the level of education has fallen. A whole generation has emerged, whose main focus is achieving success at any cost, and patriotism is replaced by frank nationalism, chauvinism and fascism. “Western partners,” who consider themselves to be infallible, add fuel to the fire.
Высшее политическое руководство России приняло The state program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2016-2020." It says that the implementation of mechanisms for its implementation will be based on improving the work of all institutions of state power.
This is a whole range of concrete measures, various activities whose main goal is the revival of a powerful system of educating young people.
