In our article will be considered representativesplant kingdom. Examples (class 3 considers this topic in the course of the surrounding world) of these common organisms are known to everyone since childhood. However, not everyone remembers the rather complex classification of representatives of this systematic unit.
Plants have a number of distinctivesigns. The first and foremost of these is the type of pithia. All plant organisms are autotrophs. They are able to synthesize glucose and oxygen on their own. This process is called photosynthesis. It occurs on the inner surface of permanent cellular structures called chloroplasts.
However, different systematic groups of organismsdiffer significantly among themselves. Examples of representatives of the kingdoms of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and viruses once again confirm this. Let's look at systematic groups using specific species as examples.
These are typical representatives of the plant kingdom.These examples can also be supplemented with chlorella, spirogyra, ulotrix, ulvay. All of them are representatives of algae. These are the very first plants that have a rather primitive structure. They are represented by single, multicellular and colonial organisms. The body of algae is called thallus. It consists of individual cells that do not unite in the tissue. The function of the roots is performed by specialized formations called rhizoids. These plants are called inferior.
The following representatives continue the group of the highestplant kingdom. Examples of them, except for mosses and ferns, are horsetails and moss. They are already higher plants, the body of which consists of real tissues and organs. In the life cycle of these organisms there is a change of generations - sexual and asexual.
Consider this process on the example of moss, one ofThe most common species of which is kukushkin flax. In its life cycle, the gametophyte predominates. It is a green leafy stem plant with rhizoids. Their combination looks like a green carpet. As it develops, sex cells form. They merge, and as a result asexual generation of moss is formed on the gametophyte. It looks like a box on a thin stalk. In it are disputes. They are asexual reproduction cells. Once in the soil, they germinate, again forming a green gametophyte carpet.
In the remaining higher spore plants, the sporophyte predominates in the life cycle. Anatomically, it is not associated with the sexual generation and develops separately.
Here are all the well-known representativesplant kingdom. Examples (class 3 studies songs, fairy tales and riddles about them) of gymnosperms are quite often found in various literary works, therefore they are familiar to everyone since childhood.
Spruce and pine are the most typicalrepresentatives of this systematic unit. This list can be continued with fir, thuja, cycad, yew, juniper, cypress. They all represent the Gymnosperms department. Their common features are the absence of flowers, and hence of fruits. The seeds of these plants develop on the scales of cones bare, open. Hence, they are called systematic units. The overwhelming majority of them have thin leaves called needles. They do not fall off during the cold season, because their stomata are sealed for the winter with resin, which hinders the process of water evaporation. The only exception is larch, which periodically changes its "green outfit".
Gymnastics are represented by a plant with the mostlarge leaves that reach a length of 2 meters. This Velvichiya amazing, which grows in the African deserts. Moreover, the trunk of this plant is hidden under the ground, and on the surface there are only two large leaves.
Here are the most common representativesplant kingdom. Examples can be listed endlessly. Apple, plum, pepper, potatoes, nightshade, rye, wheat, rose, chamomile ... The whole Angiosperm division has more than 250 thousand species. They reached a dominant position due to the presence of a flower and a fruit. In the latter, seeds develop. The fruit is for them a reliable protection from cold, mechanical damage, a source of water and nutrients.
The Department of Angiosperms includes 2 classes:single and dicotyledonous. The first ones have a single cotyledon in the seed embryo, a fibrous root system, simple linear leaves. In Dicots, there are two cotyledons in the seed germ, their root system is pivotal, and a cambium develops in the stem.
In our article, we looked at examples of representatives of the plant kingdoms. The main groups are the lower (algae) and the highest, which can be spore and seed.
