Sergey Yesenin.The name of the great Russian poet - a connoisseur of the people's soul, a singer of peasant Russia, is familiar to every person, the poems have long become Russian classics, and on the birthday of Sergei Yesenin, admirers of his work gather.
Oh, you, sleigh! What a sleigh!
The bells are frozen aspens.
My father is a peasant,
Well, I am a peasant son.
Ryazan Oblast. Village Konstantinovo.In 1895, a poet was born, whose works and admirers of his work admire today. October 3 - the birthday of Sergei Yesenin. Since childhood, the boy was on the upbringing of a wealthy and enterprising maternal grandfather, a great connoisseur of church literature. Therefore, among the first impressions of the child are spiritual poems, sung by wandering blind men, and fairy tales of his beloved grandmother, which prompted the future poet to his own work, which started at the age of 9.
Sergey graduated from the 4th grade local Zemskyschool, although he studied for 5 years: due to unsatisfactory behavior was left on the 2nd year. He continued to gain knowledge in the Spas-Klepikovsko parochial school, which trained rural teachers.
At the age of 17 he left for Moscow, got a job ata job in a butcher shop where his father served as a clerk. After a conflict with the parent, he changed jobs: he moved to a publishing house, and then to the printing press as a proofreader. There he met Anna Izryadnova, who gave birth to a 19-year-old son of Yuri in December 1914, who was shot in 1937 under a false sentence about the attempted murder of Stalin.
During the period in the capital, the poet tookparticipation in the literary-musical circle them. Surikov, joined the rebellious-minded workers, for which he received the attention of the police. In 1912, he began attending the classes of the People’s University A. Shanyavsky as a volunteer in Moscow. There, Yesenin received the basics of humanitarian education, listening to lectures on Western European and Russian literature. The birthday of Sergey Yesenin is known to many admirers of his work - October 3, 1895. His works have been translated into many languages, are included in the compulsory school curriculum. In today's time, many are interested in what kind of relationship the poet lined up with the fair sex, did women love Sergei Yesenin, did he reciprocate? What (or who) inspired him to create; create so that after a century of his poems are relevant, interesting, loved.
The first publication of the works of Esenin took placein 1914 in the metropolitan journals, and the beginning of a successful debut was the poem "Birch". Literally after the centenary of Sergei Yesenin’s birthday, almost every schoolchild will be known, but for now the poet has stepped on his thorny road leading to fame and recognition.
Sergey Yesenin's talent was recognized by N. Klyuev., Gorodetsky S.M., Remizov A.M., Gumilyov N.S., acquaintance with whom the young man was obliged to Block. Almost all the poems brought were published, and Sergei Yesenin, whose biography to this day has attracted the interest of the poet’s work, has become widely known. In a joint poetic performances with Klyuev before the public, stylized as a folk, peasant style, the young golden-wise poet appeared in morocco boots and an embroidered shirt. I became acquainted with the society of “Novo-peasant poets” and he was fond of this direction. The key theme of Yesenin's poetry was Peasant Russia, the love for which permeates all his works.
In 1916 he was drafted into the army, but thankshe received an appointment as an orderly to the empress Alexandra Feodorovna military ambulance train for the anxiety and troubles of his friends, which allowed the poet to visit literary salons, perform at concerts, attend receptions of patrons without hindrance.
October Revolution took its own joyful andenthusiastically wrote a series of small poems “Heavenly Drummer”, “Inonia”, “Jordanian Pigeon”, imbued with a premonition of future changes; Sergey Yesenin’s life and work were at the beginning of a new, still unexplored path - the path of glory and recognition.
In 1916, Yesenin’s debut book was released.“Radunitsa”, enthusiastically met by critics who have discovered a fresh direction in it, the author’s natural taste and his young spontaneity. Further, from 1914 to 1917, “Goluben”, “Rus”, “Marfa-Posadnitsa”, “Mikola” were published, marked by some special, Esenin style with the humanization of animals, plants, natural phenomena, forming together with man related to nature, a holistic, harmonious and beautiful world. Pictures of Yesenin Rus - a reverent, almost religious feeling of the poet, are painted with a subtle understanding of nature with a drowning furnace, a dog zakut, unmowed haymaking, marsh swamps, herd snoring and a horned deer.
In 1917, the poet married Reich Zinaida Nikolaevna, from a marriage with which Sergei Yesenin’s children were born: Konstantin’s son and Tatiana’s daughter.
In 1918-1920, the poet became close with Mariengof A.B., Shershenevich VG, Ivnev R. and carried away with imagism - a post-revolutionary literary and artistic movement, which was based on futurism, which claimed to build "the art of the future", completely new, rejecting all previous artistic experience. Yesenin became a frequent visitor of the literary cafe “Stallo Pegasus”, which is in Moscow at the Nikitsky Gate. The poet, who sought to know "the commune of rebellious Russia," only partially shared the aspiration of the newly created direction, the purpose of which was to clean the form of the "dust of content". He still continued to perceive himself as a poet of “Rus' leaving.” In his poems appeared motifs of life, "ruined by the storm," drunk, delete, replaced by hysterical melancholy. The poet appears as a brawler, a hooligan, a drunkard with a bloody soul, wandering from a brothel to a den, where he is surrounded by "alien and laughing rabble" (collections Moscow kabatskaya, Confession of a hooligan and Poems of a brawler).
In 1920, a three-year marriage with Z. Reich broke up.The children of Sergei Yesenin each went their own way: Konstantin became a famous football statistician, and Tatiana became the director of his father’s museum and a member of the Writers' Union.
In 1921, Yesenin met a dancerIsadora Duncan. She did not speak Russian, the poet, who read a lot and was highly educated, did not know foreign languages, but from the first meeting, looking at the dance of this woman, Sergei Yesenin, irreversibly reached for her. A couple in which Isadora was 18 years older did not stop the age difference. Most often he called his beloved “angel”, and he called her “Isidora”. Isadora's immediacy, her fiery dances drove Esenin crazy. She also perceived him as a weak and unprotected child, treated Sergei with reverent tenderness and even eventually learned a dozen Russian words. In Russia, Isadora's career did not work, because the Soviet authorities did not provide the field of activity on which she was counting. The couple registered the marriage and took the common name of Duncan-Esenin.
In the future work of the poet is very criticaldenounces Soviet power (“Country of Scoundrels”, 1925). After this begins the persecution of the poet, the accusation of fights and drunkenness. The last two years of his life were spent on regular journeys; Sergey Yesenin is a Russian poet, he was hiding from judicial persecutions, three times he traveled to the Caucasus, went to Leningrad and constantly visited Konstantinovo, never interrupting his contacts with him.
In the fall of 1925, the poet, trying to re-startfamily life, combined with marriage with Sophia Andreevna - granddaughter of Leo Tolstoy. But this union was not happy. Sergey Yesenin's life was falling down: a dependence on alcohol, depression, pressure from leading circles caused the wife to place the poet in a mental hospital. Only a narrow circle of people knew about it, but there were well-wishers who contributed to the establishment of round-the-clock observation of the clinic. The Chekists began to demand the release of Yesenin from P. B. Gannushkin, a professor at this clinic. The latter refused, and Yesenin, after waiting for a convenient moment, interrupted the course of treatment and left the mental hospital in a crowd of visitors and left for Leningrad.
December 14, finished work on the poem "Blackman ", which spent 2 years. Published work was after the death of the poet. On December 27, from the pen of Sergey Yesenin, his final work “Goodbye, my friend, goodbye” came out. The life and work of Sergei Yesenin came to an end, terrible and incomprehensible. There was no Russian poet whose body was found hanged in the Angleter Hotel on the night of December 28, 1925.
On the birthday of Sergei Yesenin, to honor his memorygather in all corners of Russia, but the most large-scale events take place in his native Konstantinov, where thousands of admirers of the poet's creative work come from all over the world.
