The history of the emergence of such a form of government asmonarchy, begins even under the slave system. And over time it developed and under feudalism became the main one. In bourgeois society, its traditional features have been preserved.
Nevertheless, the monarchy still exists. It has changed a lot, but the main features inherent in it are.
One of the varieties of this type of government -a limited monarchy, is considered such a form in which the state supreme power is divided between the monarch himself and another one or several bodies. Examples are the Parliament in the UK or the Zemsky Sobor in imperial Russia.
As a result, a limited monarchy leads topeculiar duality of state power, expressed in the fact that the monarch is actually and legally independent of the "parliament" - the so-called collectively those bodies that limit his power. At the same time, the king often has to reckon with the parliament, he has the right to appoint a government that is responsible to him, however, the work of this government can be subjected to discussion or criticism in the parliament.
However, a representative institutionform of power, as a limited monarchy, acquires control functions, acting as such a legislative body, with authority which the ruler has to reckon with. In this case, the monarch can have a strong influence on his country's parliament: he can impose a ban on the laws he adopts, appoint deputies, dissolve the parliament.
A limited monarchy is of two kinds:constitutional or parliamentary and dualistic. Its first version is different in that legislatively monarchical power is limited by the parliament, and executive by the government.
However, this form of management is notimplies that the monarch does not have any role in the state. It has a sufficiently large circle of powers, for example, the declaration of military or emergency provisions, the right to declare war or its termination, etc. However, the king can use his functions only when his state is really in danger.
Such a limited monarchy is also calledconstitutional, for the reason that the power of the monarch can be limited by the constitution of the state. That is why with such a form of government, the acts issuing from the king come into force only after they have been approved by the parliamentary majority. In this case, the king is considered a kind of symbol of the nation and people, for example, the Queen of Great Britain.
Today virtually all monarchies in Europe are parliamentary or constitutional: Spain, Great Britain, Holland, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, etc.
The dualistic limited monarchy istransition from absolute to parliamentary. The separation of power in this form of governance occurs formally legally between the parliament and the monarch. Thus, the monarch rules his country through a government appointed by him and at the same time responsible to the government, while the parliament passes laws.
Let's try to analyze the existing differencebetween the parliamentary monarchy and its variety - the dualistic one. It is quite clear that in the dualistic monarchy the head of state - the monarch - is deprived of any legislative power. Whereas in a parliamentary or constitutional one, the same monarch is deprived of both legislative and executive powers.
The dualistic monarchy is connected with its appearance with revolts in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries, which require the restriction of the rights of monarchs opposing absolutism.
Examples of limited dualistic monarchies to date are Nepal, Kuwait.
