Polymers and materials made from themhousehold items, equipment is an important part of industry and human life in general. Natural resources, unfortunately, have been greatly depleted during their use. Therefore, people had to learn how to synthesize artificial materials that have a number of important technical characteristics. One of these is polypropylene. The chemical formula of this compound, the features of its properties and the structure of the molecule will be considered in the course of the article.
This class of compounds includes those thathave a very high molecular weight value. After all, polymers are complex organic compounds consisting of repeatedly repeating monomer units, which can be from several tens to hundreds, thousands and millions.
Among all polymers, the following groups can be distinguished:
All designated groups of polymers are an important industrial raw material for the production and production of various equipment, household items, dishes, toys, furniture and other things.
The chemical formula of one of the most important representatives of synthetic polymers is written as (-CH2-CH2-)Mr.. This is polyethylene.Areas of its use are known. These are household needs (household film), and industrial, and food industry (packaging material). However, although it is the most common, but far from the only representative, it is extremely important for a person. You can also call such polymers as:
It is in the construction business, as well as for the manufacture of dishes plays a big role such a material as polypropylene. Therefore, we will consider further its specific features from a chemical point of view.
From the point of view of the science of chemistry, the composition of this substance can be expressed by different types of formulas. The first option is the molecular form of the record. In this case, the formula of polypropylene looks like this: (C3H6)Mr.. The last n indicates the degree of polymerization, that is, the number of structural source units in the macrochain.
Such a record allows to concludequalitative and quantitative composition of the molecule. Polypropene consists of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and their number in the monomer unit is 3/6, respectively, and in the common chain it depends on the exponent n. If we talk about the structure of the compound itself, about the order of the bonds of the atoms in the molecule, then a different kind of substance record is needed.
The type of record in which the order of the connection of atoms in a molecule is shown is called the structural formula. For the substance we are considering, it will look like this: (-CH2-CH-CH3-)Mr.. Obviously, the generally accepted valence of atoms inorganic chemistry is preserved in this case. The formula of polypropylene or polypropene shows which monomer unit underlies the compound. It is formed from unsaturated hydrocarbon (alkene) of propene or propylene. Its empirical formula is: C3H8.
The formula for the monomer to produce polypropylene is: (-CH2-CH-CH3-).If this fragment is repeated several hundred times, then we get a whole macromolecule of a synthetic polymer, which is the material under consideration. In addition, we have already indicated that in general the usual alkene - propene should be considered the starting material for the polymerization reaction. He is the monomer of polypropylene. The structural formula will be written as CH3-CH = CH2. When the double bond is broken during the polymerization, the desired fragment is formed. That same monomeric unit, which, repeating, forms a polymer macromolecule.
Polypropylene Formula (-CH2-CH-CH3-)Mr. allows you to judge its physical and chemical characteristics. We list the main ones.
These properties can be attributed totechnical characteristics of the material itself, which is used in industry. However, not all polypropylene is the same. There are special additives, stabilizers, with the help of which are created different grades of the considered polymer.
You can designate several basic properties that the material has polypropylene. Its characteristics are as follows:
All indicated properties of polypropylene asmaterial allow to use it for various needs. It is easy to use, convenient in care and use in the practice of any sector of the national economy.
In total, there are three main types of this material:
The main difference in them is spatialthe structure of the molecule. Specifically - the location of methyl groups in the chain. Also on the technical characteristics of the influence of stabilizing additives, the number of monomer units in the macrostructure.
This material is produced either in the form of crystalline granular structures, or in the form of fibers, sheets.
The material polypropylene is used forproduction of various films, packaging containers, food containers. It is from it that ordinary plastic cups and other disposable tableware are made. This material is used to manufacture durable, chemical-resistant polypropylene plumbing pipes.
It is also used to create noise-proof materials. Adhesive tape is also a type of polypropylene.
Attactic material is being manufactured:
A large number of polypropylene sheets, fibers are spent on the manufacture of toys, stationery, household items.
