Slave system is progress orregression? How did this period in history influence society and its worldview? All these questions can be answered if we analyze the period from the appearance to the end of the slave-owning society.
Back in ancient times, when humanity is onlybegan to gradually adjust the life, began to show the superiority of certain tribes and individuals. This was due to the development of labor and tools for it.
Someone could make bettertools, and this man began to differ markedly from the others. To obtain the desired instrument, other primitive people were ready to work for the interest of others.
Thus, social development gradually developed.inequality and castes formed among the population. Then the tribes began to fight each other. At first the prisoners were killed. But with the development of agriculture, the division of labor into easier and more difficult began. People began to realize that difficult physical work was less attractive, and she was forced to perform prisoners of war.
Thus, the first mention of forced labor in foreign territories was observed as early as 3 millennia BC.
In small principalities with active developmentAgriculture began the rapid spread of slave labor in the fields. Such an approach became economically advantageous and gradually became widely implemented.
Such a system of humiliation of human dignityexisted in many countries for quite a long time. According to the research of historians, the slave system flourished from the beginning of 3 thousand BC. and ended in the XVIII century AD. er
Gradually, the slave trade in many countries has become a significant way to fill the treasury. For the sake of increasing the ranks of prisoners, entire military campaigns were organized against other tribes and states.
Initially, during military attacks, a new labor force appeared in the owner. Only prisoners became slaves. Then this amount was not enough and new ways of capturing people appeared:
Also automatically fall into this category.population of children who were born from concubines and slaves. Over time, entire expeditions to Africa were organized, of which hundreds and thousands of black prisoners were brought from there as a result of military raids.
Therefore, many people associate slavery with blacks. But it is not so. Black people only initially filled up the ranks of slaves more, then other races were actively forced to work.
В эту эпоху существовало два класса:slaves and their owners. The new society coexisted for some time with other species, but gradually replaced them. A prominent representative of such a system is Ancient Rome. Here slavery had its most cruel manifestations and lasted the longest.
The hosts were not uniform.They had different areas of land and the amount of real estate as well. The number of slaves needed depended on these indicators. The more land there was, the stronger was the need for labor. Also, the number of slaves indicated the wealth of the master.
With the development of such a system, education took place.the state, as the apparatus of coercion and the preparation of humiliating laws. By their standards, slaveholders had the right to sell, punish, and even kill their subordinates.
В разные времена существовали различия устоев slave system. There were also different types of slavery. The first is patriarchal, it was based on natural types of farming, slaves were attracted only to perform work on plantations and in everyday life.
Второй тип - это античное, оно возникло с the development of commodity-market relations. In this period, human trafficking appeared at the legislative level. It was also officially prescribed permission for the complete possession of slaves and the ability to perform with them any actions.
The main features of the slave society are highlighted:
It is clear from the above points that the life of this segment of the population did not belong to themselves in any sphere. Slaves were powerless people and did not even have freedom of movement.
Despite the cruelty and lack of rights towardsslaves, this system led to the development of some areas in the states. Firstly, the population that was freed from physical labor could be engaged in science and creativity.
Thanks to this, many discoveries have been made andcreated amazing art works. Also, due to the lack of interest of the slaves in obtaining a good result of labor, new technical devices and machines for production were created.
In addition, thanks to this life will arrangepeople learned to assert their rights and value freedom. They understood that the law should protect all segments of the population and encroach on human life no one has the right.
It was the slave labor that was built almostAll the great architectural and historical ancient sights: pyramids, castles, temples. Thus, for many centuries the culture of the slave-owning society was formed. Therefore, in the history remained the memory of their hard life and work.
Depending on skills and education,slave society began to sort out people without rights to perform work in a certain sphere of life. Strong physically and hardy slaves were put to hard work, and those who could read and write and more or less educated were taken to their houses as servants.
These slaves were quite loyal andoften considered their family members. As a result, they were allowed to start families, have children, and subsequently signed free. This means that a person could live his life and build his own way of life, but he did not get any legal rights from this.
Over time, productivity and yield ceasedmake a visible profit, so the owners began to think about what to change in their life. First of all, they understood that the slaves needed to be interested in getting a good result of the works.
For this they were given some freedom and allowedsettle families on separate plots of land and care for them independently. The owner owed half or 75% of the total production and production. Thus, the serfs were interested in obtaining a good harvest.
Such a system became the main difference betweenslave and feudal society. Some countries stepped through the period of slavery and immediately came to serfdom. Others, such as, for example, the Roman Empire, resisted such changes for a very long time and extended the slave-holding device as much as possible.
With the advent of feudalism began to actively develop trade and market relations. After all, the serfs could independently realize their part of the harvest.
