The term "sovereignty" literally means"supreme authority". Characterizes the concept of independence, the unity of power of a specific subject. In science, such definitions as national, people's and state sovereignty are used. The third concept is considered a derivative of the second.
State sovereignty of the Russian Federation is inextricably linkedwith the multinational people of the country. The Russian Constitution defines the population as the only source and bearer of power. In accordance with Art. 32 in the basic law, Russians have the right to take part in the management of the country's affairs both through their leaders and directly themselves. Citizens of the Russian Federation are entitled to choose and be elected to state and local authorities, to take part in a referendum. In addition, they have equal access to civil service, as well as the right to administer justice.
Thus, the people's and statesovereignty is so connected that the full realization of the supreme power of the people is impossible without the existence of the country. Here it is necessary to mention the statement of Hegel. The philosopher believed that the nations that did not form states did not belong to history. Moreover, the prosperity of a democratic country that does not recognize the supreme power of its people is impossible.
According to I.A.Intelligent, people's and state sovereignty in a complex are the ability and property of a country to independently determine its foreign and domestic policies with respect for human and civil rights. In such circumstances, the protection of the national minority is also ensured in compliance with international legal norms.
A close connection exists between the state andnational sovereignty. The national supreme authority indicates that the nation has the right to self-determination. This right in Russia is enshrined in Article 5 of the Constitution of the country.
It should be noted that the statesovereignty in a multinational country can not be reduced to the supreme power of a nation alone. In accordance with the manner in which the right to self-determination was chosen by the nationalities united in one country, the supreme authority in the country must guarantee the independence of each.
To ensure the integrity of Russia as aa multinational country, in order to prevent the violation of human rights and every nation, the realization of people's self-determination can be carried out only within the Russian Federation or abroad, but with its permission. Along with this, the state, being sovereign, guarantees to citizens of the Russian Federation, relating to specific ethnic unions, equality, the opportunity to independently resolve questions about the preservation of their language, original culture, education. In addition, the inviolability of the borders of the country as a whole is ensured.
Thus, state sovereignty is the supremacy inherent in the country on its territory, and independence in foreign policy relations.
Revealing the concept, it is necessary to point out itsfundamental principles: indivisibility and unity of territory, non-interference in the domestic policy of the country, inviolability of territorial elements. If any external force or other country encroaches on the borders, forcing to take those or other decisions that are contrary to the interests of the nation, they speak of a violation of independence.
Thus, sovereignty, unity of poweris an exceptional and complete, one of the inalienable characteristics of the state. It is this criterion that makes it possible to distinguish the country from other public-legal formations. Being a property of the state, sovereignty gives it the status of a special subject in political relations.
