Prepare yourself for the conjugation of SpanishVerbs are not the topic of a single class, and any attempt to take it in a "leap" will only lead to confusion and the conviction that the Spanish grammar (that's a surprise!) is incredibly complex.
This article will highlight the most important and necessary, that will help in the future not to get lost.
Глаголы в испанском языке, в отличие от English, where there is only the ending -s in the second person, conjugated on all persons. That is why we are so simple, speaking Spanish, we can generally omit a pronoun. Why do you need it if the verb already shows who you are talking about: about it, about them or about you? But that's not all. Verbs are one of the most complex grammatical topics in Spanish. One verb has more than 20 forms, varying:
1) by persons (me, you, you, etc.),
2) numbers (me, we, etc.),
3) times (in Spanish 15 time forms),
4) inclinations (I do, I would do, etc.).
And also the verb can be used in an active or passive voice (I built a house, the house was built by me).
This article deals only with the conjugation of Spanish verbs, that is, their variation by person and number.
There are three types of conjugations in Spanish.verbs depending on the ending in the initial form. Verbs that end in "-ar" are conjugated in the first type (eg, besar - kiss), verbs with the ending "–er" - in the second (eg, beber - drink), verbs with "–ir" - in the third (escribir - hide). There is, in fact, nothing complicated, just remember the endings for each type. Of course, in the formation of endings there will be similarities and their own logic. In all three types of conjugation in the first person singular, the verb will have the ending - "o" (beso, bebo, escribo). Let's look further: the endings of the second person for the same verbs - “-as, -es, -es”. The third person singular for all childbirth: "-a, -e, -e". It is easy to notice: both there and there, the second and third types of declension suggest “–e” in the ending, and in the endings of the first type we see “a”. The first person is a plural: "-amos, -emos, -imos". It is obvious that in this person the verbs with the ending "ar" receive the ending "-amos", the verbs with "er" - the ending "-emos", the gagols with "ir" end with "–imos". The similarity with the initial form of the word is obvious. In the second person, the singular verbs have the endings: "-a" is "," -e "is", "-i" s ", in the second person plural:" -an "," -en "," –en " And here again we can find parallels either with the end of the main form of the verb, or with the fact that the first type of conjugation receives the letter “a” in the ending, and the other two types - “e.” By the way, the new words in Spanish tend exactly the first type, which gives every reason to consider it a priority in the study.
But, of course, without exception to the ruleget along. In this case, the exceptions cover such a volume of vocabulary that they can hardly be called exceptions. There is a huge group of verbs that are not conjugated according to the rules mentioned above - irregular verbs. They, in turn, are divided into two groups:
1) Verbs, conjugation which can not be put in any general scheme. For example, the verb ver (see) leans by individual rules.
2) Irregular verbs that can be combined into groups according to conjugation features, and they will be conjugated according to the same rules within one group - these are so-called deviant verbs.
Количество глаголов индивидуального спряжения в Spanish - 21. They just need to learn. But one should not think that this will be such a difficult task. First, these verbs are very often used. Secondly, no need to gang up on them right away. After you understand the logic of conjugation of regular verbs, the features of the verbs of this group will immediately be evident, and what is well understood is well remembered.
As for the deviating verbs, theirallocate six groups. There is a division into seven groups. In the reference book of N. I. Popova, 81 verb conjugations are distinguished. In fact, the method of grouping does not matter much.
How to learn the conjugation of Spanish verbs?
Verb Conjugations (Spanish): Exercises
What Spanish exercises can you do?to pick up to consolidate the knowledge of verb conjugation? These are mainly exercises in which sentences are given with a missing verb. You need to choose its correct form from the options or write it yourself. This is not always effective, because such exercises are rarely really interesting. You can make it easier: try to translate silently the phrases of others, your own thoughts, imaginary situations, selecting the correct form of the verb for each case, and then checking yourself with the help of a reference book.
Conjugation of irregular Spanish verbs followsalso study consistently. The only thing that should not be done is to take one group of deviating verbs and learn only it until it is fully worked out. It would be much better to take several of the most used verbs from each group (and there are such in each group) and by their example carefully analyze the rules of conjugation. Then learn these words and learn to use them in the correct form. And only after the ease with them is achieved, to pass to other words from each group. It is likely that they do not have to cram, because the declination scheme is already clear.
Thus, the conjugation of Spanish verbs canseem impracticable only at first. Looking back, you will wonder why this topic was perceived so hard at all, because Spanish is not included in the ranking of the most difficult languages in the world, unlike Russian or Chinese, which, due to its difficulty in mastering, is even mentioned in the Book of Records Guinness.
