Stylistics of the Russian language is diverse.In every life situation there are certain norms of communication. In the official sphere, too, there are specific norms that sometimes run counter to the general language. This is a feature of the official-business style. It is dry and fresh, all the turns in it are unambiguous and constant.
The official and business style is a style of businessand legislative acts, which was formed over many years. Its characteristic feature is the consistency in the use of the same words and lexical phrases.
The official-business style, examples of whichperiodically meets in his life every person, must be clear and unambiguous. In addition, all its genres are written according to the same patterns. Sometimes, to get a new document, it's enough just to rewrite 2-3 words.
Like any other, it has its own characteristicsigns. The official and business style in business texts is characterized by accuracy and unambiguous presentation, which must-prescriptive character, complete impersonality, the absence of any emotional manifestations, standardity and stereotypy.
Any document must be interpreted in only one key. Therefore, all the data presented in it have an unambiguous nature, because otherwise means confusion and lawlessness in any matters.
Since this is a business style, it is used to regulate the official sphere of human life and society. Everything that is stated in it must be unquestioningly fulfilled.
No personal characteristics or subjectiveinterpretations in documents can not be. Therefore, the official-business style of the Russian literary language allows the presentation of personal information only in minor documents such as a statement or explanatory for the reasoning of the need for an action.
The uniqueness of the exposition also interprets a high degree of stereotypy. It is present at all levels of the style: from a set of lexemes to the overall structure of the entire document.
Like any other, the official-business style in business texts uses a standard set of lexemes and turns. First of all, these are words from the official communication industry: prescribe, authorize, notify, plaintiff, head, law and the like. In other styles they are used much less often.
The second characteristic feature is the use of constant expressions and speech stamps. This makes any text predictable, but at the same time completely unambiguous: taking into account, in accordance with.
It is noteworthy that, despite the high levelimpersonal, formal-business style allowed the use of pronouns and verbs of the first person. To comparison, in scientific style, this is completely unacceptable.
And the last feature is the presence of dry, slightly old-fashioned clerical vocabulary, which in other styles sounds inappropriate and somewhat comical: has a place to be, is in a state of intoxication, a liquid that looks like cognac.
By the constancy of syntactic constructions, eacha person will easily determine the official-business style. Examples of it are well known to everyone from school. And certainly not once in my life I had to write an application or a protocol.
At the syntactic level in the first placenotes the presence of small structures, simple sentences, a minimum number of complications, such as homogeneous sentence members or plug-in structures. This is dictated by the need for simplicity and unambiguity in understanding the information presented in the document.
At the text level, a high level is observedstandardization of its structure. For example, each statement starts with a header in the upper right corner, which indicates who is talking to whom. Next is the text of the statement itself, which ends with the date and signature of the person applying. The upper left corner of the document is left for the resolution to be attached to this application. The same standardization is typical for all other genres.
A fairly widespreadformal-business style of speech. Examples of texts are encountered by any person permanently. Therefore, this style is divided into several sub-layers, depending on the field of application.
Legislative documents are used toformation of the legal and regulatory framework of society. It prescribes the rules by which every person who falls under the influence of this particular document should live. Also, in the legislative acts, punishment is imposed for non-compliance with prescriptions.
Jurisdictional branch states violation andappoints punishment for him. There are also petitions for clemency and review of the case in connection with certain evidence or circumstances.
Very common administrativeformal and business style. Examples of such documents are even studied in the school curriculum. This includes documents that regulate the activities of individual organizations and their interaction with individuals.
And the last branch is diplomatic.From the correctness of the documentation in this sphere, relations between states depend. One wrong comma or word can cause a global conflict.
In practice, the formal-business style of speech examplestexts is very diverse. To name absolutely all genres in one article will be rather problematic. Therefore, we will focus on the most popular of them, dividing them into groups depending on the field of use.
Legislative documents include law, act, decision, decree. They are made at the highest levels of power by specially trained people.
In the field of justice, the genres of the official business style in the Russian language are represented by sentences, judgments, cassations, search warrant or detention orders.
Administrative documents are one of the most common. This includes a statement, an autobiography, an order, a recommendation, a fax, a telephone message, a receipt and many others.
In diplomacy, contracts, covenants, agreements, conventions are most often used.
Already much has been said about how rich thegenres are official-business style. Examples of their use are constantly encountered. It is an active style, used everywhere in everyday life. Most often, a simple person encounters him in the field of business. When applying for a job, we write a resume, an autobiography and a statement, we submit certificates from a previous job.
Basically, all these documents have about one andthe same structure. They begin with the instructions of the author who compiled this text, then goes the presentation of the material, which is signed and stamped, if any.
In Russian philology, the official business styledocument, language, speech has an active nature of use. It is highly standardized and has a certain set of words and expressions used in spite of some laws of language.
Everyone in his life must know how to use this style, since he regulates the interaction of the individual with the organization, the state and the entire legal world as a whole.
