The Pacific Ocean is the largest waterway.tank in the world. It stretches from the very north of the planet to its south, reaching the shores of Antarctica. The greatest width reaches at the equator, in a tropical and subtropical zone. Because the climate of the Pacific is more defined as warm, because most of it falls on the tropics. In this ocean there are both warm and cold currents. It depends on which continent in one or another place adjoins the bay and which atmospheric streams form above it.
In many ways, the climate of the Pacific depends onthe atmospheric pressure that forms above it. In this section, geographers identify five main areas. Among them there are zones of both high and low pressure. In the subtropics in both hemispheres of the planet above the ocean, two areas of high pressure are formed. They are called the North Pacific or Hawaiian maximum and the South Pacific maximum. The closer to the equator, the lower the pressure becomes. Also note that in the western hemisphere atmospheric dynamics is lower than in the eastern. In the north and in the south of the ocean, dynamic minima are formed - Aleutian and Antarctic, respectively. The north exists only in winter, and the south is stable all year round due to its atmospheric features.
Such a factor as the trade winds, in many respects affectsPacific climate. In short, such wind streams form in the tropics and subtropics in both hemispheres. Over the centuries, a system of trade winds has been established there, which cause warm currents and stable hot air temperatures. They are separated by a strip of equatorial calm. Calms prevail in this area, but sometimes light slight winds occur. In the northwestern part of the ocean, the most frequent guests are monsoons. In winter, the wind blows from the Asian continent, bringing with it cold and dry air. In the summer, the ocean wind blows, increasing the humidity and temperature of the air. The temperate climate zone, as well as the entire southern hemisphere, starting from a subtropical climate, is subject to strong winds. The climate of the Pacific Ocean in these areas is characterized by typhoons, hurricanes, gusting winds.
In order to clearly understand whattemperatures are characterized by the Pacific Ocean, the map will come to our aid. We see that this reservoir is located in all climatic zones, starting with the northern, icy, passing through the equator and ending with the southern, also icy. Above the surface of the entire reservoir, the climate is subject to latitudinal zonality and winds, which bring hot or cold temperatures to certain regions. In equatorial latitudes, the thermometer shows from 20 to 28 degrees in August, about the same indicators are observed in February. In temperate latitudes, February temperatures reach -25 Celsius, and in August the thermometer raises to +20.
The climatic features of the Pacific includethat in one and the same latitude at the same time different weather can be observed. So everything is formed because the ocean consists of various currents that bring warm or cold cyclones from the continents. So, first consider the Northern Hemisphere. In the tropics, the western part of the reservoir is always warmer than the eastern. This is due to the fact that in the west the waters are warmed by the trade winds and currents of Kuroshio and the East Australian. In the east, the waters are cooled by Peruvian and California currents. In the temperate zone, on the contrary, the east is warmer than the west. Here the western part is cooled by the Kuril current, and the eastern part is heated thanks to the Alaskan one. If we consider the Southern Hemisphere, we will not find a significant difference between the West and the East. Here everything happens naturally, as the trade winds and high-latitude winds distribute the temperature over the surface of the water equally.
Also the climate of the Pacific depends on atmosphericphenomena that are formed over one or another of its area. An increase in air flow is observed in low-pressure areas, as well as in coastal areas where there is mountainous terrain. The closer to the equator, the less it collects above the waters of the clouds. In temperate latitudes, they are contained in 80-70 percent, in the subtropics - 60-70%, in the tropics - 40-50%, and at the equator only 10 percent.
Now consider what weather conditions are fraught withimagine the Pacific Ocean. The map of climatic zones shows that the highest humidity here falls on the tropical and subtropical zones, which are located north of the equator. Here the amount of precipitation is equal to 3000 mm. In temperate latitudes, this figure is reduced to 1000-2000 mm. Also note that in the West the climate is always drier than in the East. The coastal zone near the California Peninsula and off the coast of Peru is considered the most arid region of the ocean. Here, due to problems with condensation, the amount of precipitation is reduced to 300-200 mm. In some areas it is extremely low and is only 30 mm.
In the classic version it is customary to assume thatThis water reservoir has three seas - the Sea of Japan, the Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk. These reservoirs are separated from the main reservoir by islands or peninsulas, they are adjacent to the continents and belong to countries, in this case Russia. Their climate is determined by the interaction of the ocean and land. On average, the temperature above the water surface in February is about 15-20 below zero, in the coastal zone - 4 below zero. The Sea of Japan is the warmest, because in it the temperature is kept within +5 degrees. The most severe winters are in the north of the Sea of Okhotsk. Here the thermometer can show below -30 degrees. In summer, seas heat up to 16–20 above zero on average. Naturally, Okhotsk in this case will be cold - + 13-16, and the Japanese can heat up to +30 or more.
The Pacific Ocean, which is, in fact, the mostlarge geographical object of the planet, characterized by a very diverse climate. Regardless of the time of year, a certain atmospheric influence is formed over its waters, which generates low or high temperatures, strong winds or utter calm.
