At the moment, bullshit is bullish, the cycle of developmentwhich takes about 20 years, is considered the most dangerous (and largest) parasite that can attack the human body. Its size sometimes reaches 10 meters, which is already critical for a living creature. The main zone of the helminth's residence is the small intestine. The adult worm has special suckers, which allow it to be retained in the body. Excellent shows the cycle of development of the bull chain scheme, presented below. A disease caused by a tapeworm is called shadowarchinosis. A tapeworm is widespread in Africa, Eastern Europe (in particular, in Russia), Latin America and the Philippines.
From the body of the final host, tapeworm can come out with feces, while it can exist for some time in "street" conditions, crawling along the soil.
The adult specimen of the tapeworm has a minimalthe size is 4 meters. The body of the tapeworm consists of segments, the number of which reaches several thousand. Eggs of bovine tapeworm (pictured below), deposited in the body, can go along with feces. Annually, the worm deposits more than 600 million. In all life this figure has grown to 11 billion. From the tapeworm the strobiles are disconnected. Their task is to spread eggs in the environment. As a result, they enter the body of cattle (he is the intermediate owner of the worm), and with poorly processed meat passes to carnivorous animals (including humans). In the body of the main host without treatment, he is able to live 18-20 years. In this case, the helminth carrier in the initial stages of the disease may not even realize that he is somewhat ill. For people around people a person is not contagious.
The structure of a bull chain: the head, neck and segments.By sex, the helminth is a hermaphrodite, which facilitates reproduction. The larva of the bovine tapeworm is in the womb of this creature. Here you can find a lot of not freed oncospheres. The head of the body is equipped with suckers, which hold the helminth in the intestines of the host.
The main owner of the bull-chain, as it was alreadysaid, is a person or any predatory animal. The intermediate carrier may be a cow, a deer, a zebra, a yak, a bison, etc., that is, any representative of a group of cloven-hoofed animals. In the human body the worm gets in a mature form and is fully capable of reproduction. Segments can come out of the anus and move independently.
Livestock is capable of catching a worm in the processeating grass (if it or on the ground there were larvae). In the tissues of the muscles, small representatives of the helminth develop Finns. In the body of predatory mammals and humans, they fall due to eating them raw, dried, poorly roasted or boiled meat. The scheme of development of the bull chain perfectly shows all the described ways of infection.
Transmission of the worm is also possible through fleas, which can contain larvae.
At least bovine tapeworm can have a stronginfluence on the gastrointestinal tract, which can cause an allergic reaction. The worm absorbs all the nutrients from the body, literally sucking them. Of course, the most expected process will be inflammation of the intestine or even obstruction (occurs in the late stages of the disease), which leads to death. Often there is pain, similar to the sensations of appendicitis. And, of course, the mechanical effect is inevitable. Because of all this, the secretory and motor function of the digestive tract is disrupted.
Complications are rare.The most common is the obstruction of the intestine. Also, tinnitus bull (the development cycle will be discussed in more detail below) is able to penetrate into the abdominal cavity and into the vagina. There may be such secondary diseases as pancreatitis, problems with the nasopharynx, appendicitis, peritonitis.
Eggs, in huge quantities located in the grass,enter the animal's body. The life cycle begins when the outer shell is opened, and oncospheres emerge from it. Their sizes are small - less than a millimeter. Larvae are able to survive the entire winter period, they are resistant to sudden changes in temperature, humidity and dryness. Tired is very tenacious bull. The development cycle of the Finn is only six months (sometimes less). Being formed, individuals pass into the body of livestock in various organs, are carried along the intestines. In the intermediate host they are able to live no more than a year, after which they die. If the meat of an infected cow is eaten by a person (or other carnivorous animal), the worm continues to form into an adult. In order for this process to be most successful, the helminth settles in the gut. After the eggs are separated, the life cycle is repeated.
Stages of development of bovine tapeworm in the bodyman, we have already briefly considered. Parasite at first does not bring discomfort, and the patient does not even suspect about its existence. That is why one can learn about his living in the body only after analyzing the feces. The most difficult process is to determine what kind of parasitic object - pig or bullish. These chains are similar to each other externally, the symptomatology is practically the same, but the process of treatment in each case is different. The last and actual diagnosis is made after several stool tests and a number of other examinations; treatment is appointed immediately.
Если применять медицинские препараты в начальной stage of the disease, there is a huge chance for a full recovery. In order to get rid of the parasite (invasion), so-called etiotropic therapy is prescribed. It acts on the cause of the disease and eliminates it. Often, doctors use Prazikvantel as the main drug. Special medicines may be prescribed to improve the state of the intestinal tract.
The chain is bullish, the development cycle of which has already been described,causes the disease shtayarkhinoz. It is divided into two stages: early and late. The second is considered the most dangerous, since the disease begins to be chronic, and it can not be cured. Since the symptomatology with the initial development is almost absent, many learn about the disease much later. Help in simtomatike will help the following symptoms:
The cycle of development of a bull chain, whose schemeis in the article, implies that the parasite eventually turns into an adult of a rather large size. Therefore, in the treatment there may be a problem of incomplete parasite removal. In order to avoid recurrence of the disease, every six months, you need to take the appropriate tests.
Feed for livestock should be bought from trustedsuppliers, since it can be infected with eggs of worms. It is the ingress of an intermediate host into the organism that can cause the development of larvae. You can not allow a cow to eat grass of unknown origin, on suspicious lawns.
And people should eat only meat that has undergone sufficient temperature treatment.
