Basics of logic, both modern andClassical studies in higher education in the first year. To know wisdom and answer important questions in the subject "Fundamentals of mathematical logic" is the primary task of the student.
All scientific research is based on logical laws.
Naturally, the basis of logical analysis is the definition of truth, but it is also true that truth is perceived by man as a state of clarity.
Logical analysis is similar to therapy - it gives usat least for a while, to lose the obsessive state of misunderstanding and the vagueness of what other people write or say. We learn the basics of logic in order to further understand and demonstrate to others the importance of analysis in the "healing" of problems arising in constant communication and often resulting from the confusion and darkness of our speech. In logic, there is no desire to fruitlessly teach everyone to correctly reflect and speak beautifully, but what is in her power is to practice the careful attitude to the uncertainty and ambiguity of those terms that we use daily. If the foundations of the algebra of logic can not teach us to think and think mathematically, then, at least, they will help us consistently and accurately express our own thoughts. No matter how complicated the apparatus of modern mathematical logic, it's ultimate goal is to analyze the communication between people in its intellectual aspect.
To achieve the goal that you set for yourself,you can learn the basics of logic only in practice - in the process of understanding all your own difficulties, manifested as a result of the process of "speaking the thoughts". In this regard, it should be noted that the solution of problems is by no means a panacea in the process of understanding the basics of mathematical logic.
For those who still want to understand the essence of the process of expressing thoughts and to know the basics of logic (despite all that was said just above), one can always advise adhering to these rules:
1.Always remember that mastering the theoretical part, as well as practical solutions to problems, have their meaning exclusively in the context of "the growth of one's own understanding." This means that both the mechanical memorization of the theory and the algorithmized approach to solving problems are strictly forbidden to the same extent. Often, an erroneous decision is much more significant in terms of personal growth than a correct, but not entirely thought out, result.
2. Perform all exercises must consistently and exclusively from the beginning. There is no sense in trying to solve the problem from the next section without mastering the material preceding it.
3.Understand the essence of all logical operations, techniques and rules will most easily be obtained in the process of solving problems. The more solved problems you have in your arsenal, the better you master the basics of logic.
4.It is also useful to know the following: no matter how many logic tasks you have solved in the process of knowing, you will not achieve an automatic understanding of all logical problems, if those are not accompanied by your own thinking activity that seeks expression.
5.Finally, we should pay attention to a rule that has not lost its relevance to this day, which L. Carroll suggested: "If there is an opportunity, find a" brilliant "friend, with whom it will be easier ... to discuss the difficulties that arise. Verbal discussion is an ideal tool for resolving all the most difficult issues. When something baffles (no matter in logic or in another area), I discuss this problem out loud aloud, even if I am absolutely alone. You can explain everything to yourself clearly and clearly! In addition, explaining to himself the solution of the problem, a person shows amazing patience. "
